Tag: Homework Solution

  • [Solved] HIST222

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    see attached. – ## HIST222INSTRUCTIONS.docx **## HIST222INSTRUCTIONS.docx** **Debate Instructions:** **You have been divided into two groups. Group A will support Booker T. Washington's position. Group B will support W. E. B. Du Bois's position. To participate in the debate, you need to research bot…

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    Assignment Prompt & Instructions

    see attached.

    – ## HIST222INSTRUCTIONS.docx

    **## HIST222INSTRUCTIONS.docx**

    **Debate Instructions:**

    **You have been divided into two groups. Group A will support Booker T. Washington's position. Group B will support W. E. B. Du Bois's position. To participate in the debate, you need to research both positions. The required work will help you. Who will you be in the debate? Your character does not have to be an actual historical figure. You can be, for example, a domestic servant or a sharecropper. Just make sure that you ground your analysis in academic sources and you demonstrate you have done all the required work by integrating it into your debate positions. Stay in character for your responses because each response is part of the debating.**

    **Group A: Your last name begins with A-M. (I AM GROUP A!)**

    Group B: Your last name begins with N-Z.

    **The initial post must be written in character supporting your assigned position and then you are required to continue the debate by posting responses to the arguments of a minimum of two peers assigned to the opposing group. You are encouraged to post more than this. Your two best responses will be graded. Whatever you write should be in character. Be creative! Remember that everything you argue, although in character, must be grounded in academic research and must demonstrate you have done the required work.**

    See earlier comment about videos as they are intended to add to your textbook NOT replace it. Furthermore, attempt a little outside research and explore the content of Washington's autobiography Up From Slavery or Du Bois's social criticism The Souls of Black Folk. The analysis for your debate posts should come from your textbook, the lectures, videos, and the research you conducted in the APUS Library. The initial post with well referenced facts is due by Wednesday, 11:55 p.m. ET and 2 peer responses are due by Friday, 11:55 p.m. ET. Do not research on the Internet.

    George Washington Carver at the Tuskegee Institute in 1906. This comes from artstor.org.

    COPYRIGHT 2023 APUS, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

    **## HIST222INSTRUCTIONS.docx**

    **Debate Instructions:**

    **You have been divided into two groups. Group A will support Booker T. Washington's position. Group B will support W. E. B. Du Bois's position. To participate in the debate, you need to research both positions. The required work will help you. Who will you be in the debate? Your character does not have to be an actual historical figure. You can be, for example, a domestic servant or a sharecropper. Just make sure that you ground your analysis in academic sources and you demonstrate you have done all the required work by integrating it into your debate positions. Stay in character for your responses because each response is part of the debating.**

    **Group A: Your last name begins with A-M. (I AM GROUP A!)**

    Group B: Your last name begins with N-Z.

    **The initial post must be written in character supporting your assigned position and then you are required to continue the debate by posting responses to the arguments of a minimum of two peers assigned to the opposing group. You are encouraged to post more than this. Your two best responses will be graded. Whatever you write should be in character. Be creative! Remember that everything you argue, although in character, must be grounded in academic research and must demonstrate you have done the required work.**

    See earlier comment about videos as they are intended to add to your textbook NOT replace it. Furthermore, attempt a little outside research and explore the content of Washington's autobiography Up From Slavery or Du Bois's social criticism The Souls of Black Folk. The analysis for your debate posts should come from your textbook, the lectures, videos, and the research you conducted in the APUS Library. The initial post with well referenced facts is due by Wednesday, 11:55 p.m. ET and 2 peer responses are due by Friday, 11:55 p.m. ET. Do not research on the Internet.

    George Washington Carver at the Tuskegee Institute in 1906. This comes from artstor.org.

    COPYRIGHT 2023 APUS, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

  • [Solved] dtdt

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    Full assignment prompt and step-by-step guidance are included in the downloadable solution file.

  • [Solved] Psychology Can someone help me with my career in phychology homework?

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    **Step 1:** Review lecture materials **Step 2:** Complete Discussion Board thread – Career Personalities **Step 3:** Respond to two classmates’ threads \ PSY350week3.pdf](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/psy350week3-pdf "PSY350week3.pdf")

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    Assignment Prompt & Instructions

    **Step 1:** Review lecture materials
    **Step 2:** Complete Discussion Board thread – Career Personalities
    **Step 3:** Respond to two classmates’ threads
    \
    PSY350week3.pdf](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/psy350week3-pdf "PSY350week3.pdf")

  • [Solved] 611m4a

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  • [Solved] 610 work 2

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  • [Solved] Psychology Assignment

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    Please follow instructions. No AI – ## Week4_Assignment7.pdf **## Week4_Assignment7.pdf** Due Sunday by 10:59pm Points 60 Submitting a text entry box or a file upload Attempts 0 Allowed Attempts 2 Start Assignment  Back to Week at a Glance (https://waldenu.instructure.com/courses/182224/modules/i…

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    Assignment Prompt & Instructions

    Please follow instructions. No AI

    – ## Week4_Assignment7.pdf

    **## Week4_Assignment7.pdf**

    Due Sunday by 10:59pm
    Points 60
    Submitting a text entry box or a file upload
    Attempts 0
    Allowed Attempts 2

    Start Assignment

     Back to Week at a Glance
    (https://waldenu.instructure.com/courses/182224/modules/items/7585115

    EXTERNAL VALIDITY: REPLICATION AND
    GENERALIZATION

    In the Discussion for this week, you evaluated possible confounding variables that could threaten
    the internal validity of a study. For the Assignment, you will turn your attention to methods that
    support the external validity of studies. You first learned about external validity in Chapter 4, which
    refers to the extent to which a study's findings can accurately be generalized to other populations
    and settings. When the results of a research study are generalizable to additional populations and
    settings, the study demonstrates external validity.

    Replications of studies are essential to demonstrate both generalization and external validity. This
    week, you will learn about two types of replication procedures—exact replication and conceptual
    replication—and you will develop original examples of these two replication procedures with the goal
    of demonstrating generalization and external validity.

    (https://cdn-

    media.waldenu.edu/2dett4d/Walden/Canvas/Adobe/OrigImage-
    LgRendition/AdobeStock_85321464.jpeg)

    RESOURCES

    [https://waldenu.instructure.com/courses/182224/modules/items/7585115](https://waldenu.instructure.com/courses/182224/modules/items/7585115)

    [https://waldenu.instructure.com/courses/182224/modules/items/7585115](https://waldenu.instructure.com/courses/182224/modules/items/7585115)

    [https://cdn-media.waldenu.edu/2dett4d/Walden/Canvas/Adobe/OrigImage-LgRendition/AdobeStock_85321464.jpeg](https://cdn-media.waldenu.edu/2dett4d/Walden/Canvas/Adobe/OrigImage-LgRendition/AdobeStock_85321464.jpeg)

    [https://cdn-media.waldenu.edu/2dett4d/Walden/Canvas/Adobe/OrigImage-LgRendition/AdobeStock_85321464.jpeg](https://cdn-media.waldenu.edu/2dett4d/Walden/Canvas/Adobe/OrigImage-LgRendition/AdobeStock_85321464.jpeg)

    [https://cdn-media.waldenu.edu/2dett4d/Walden/Canvas/Adobe/OrigImage-LgRendition/AdobeStock_85321464.jpeg](https://cdn-media.waldenu.edu/2dett4d/Walden/Canvas/Adobe/OrigImage-LgRendition/AdobeStock_85321464.jpeg)

    [https://cdn-media.waldenu.edu/2dett4d/Walden/Canvas/Adobe/OrigImage-LgRendition/AdobeStock_85321464.jpeg](https://cdn-media.waldenu.edu/2dett4d/Walden/Canvas/Adobe/OrigImage-LgRendition/AdobeStock_85321464.jpeg)

    To prepare:

    Read Chapter 14.
    Think of an original experimental study (i.e., do not use examples from the textbook or
    found elsewhere) and develop a research question, hypothesis, and prediction.
    Consider how other researchers interested in your topic would conduct an exact replication
    and a conceptual replication of your study idea (i.e.: What elements would be the same and
    which would be different?) and how the replications would be carried out.
    Consider how the study idea could be carried out with another population and in another
    setting to demonstrate the concepts of generalization and external validity.

    Submit a 2-page paper that responds to the following:

    For the original experimental study idea you created provide the following:
    Research question
    Hypothesis and prediction
    Independent and dependent variables
    Operational definitions for each variable

    Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity.

    Review previous chapters if you need to (e.g., Chapter 2 on
    creating research questions and hypotheses, IV/DV, operational
    definitions)

    Cozby, P. C., & Bates, S. C. (2024). Methods in behavioral
    research (15th ed.). McGraw Hill.

    Chapter 14, “Generalization”

    ShortCutsTV (Producer). (2016). Experimental design
    (https://video.alexanderstreet.com/p/08oNJVZZ3) [Video] Alexander
    Street. https://video.alexanderstreet.com/watch/experimental-design

    Readings 

    Media 

    BY DAY 7

    [https://video.alexanderstreet.com/p/08oNJVZZ3](https://video.alexanderstreet.com/p/08oNJVZZ3)

    [https://video.alexanderstreet.com/p/08oNJVZZ3](https://video.alexanderstreet.com/p/08oNJVZZ3)

    [https://video.alexanderstreet.com/p/08oNJVZZ3](https://video.alexanderstreet.com/p/08oNJVZZ3)

    [https://video.alexanderstreet.com/p/08oNJVZZ3](https://video.alexanderstreet.com/p/08oNJVZZ3)

    PSYC_3003_Week4_Assignment_Rubric

    Next,

    Explain what another researcher would need to know and do to conduct an exact replication
    of your study idea (i.e.: What elements would be the same and which would be different?).
    Explain how a different researcher could conduct a conceptual replication of your original
    study and provide an example of how the replication would be carried out.
    Propose how your initial experimental study idea could be conducted with a different
    population or in a different setting to demonstrate generalization.
    Applying your study idea, make the connection in your own words to explain how
    replications relate to the concepts of generalization and external validity.

    Note: Support your responses within your Assignment with evidence from the assigned
    Learning Resources. Provide a reference list for resources you used for this Assignment. Use
    APA style for in-text citations and references.

    Before submitting your final assignment, you can check your draft for authenticity. To check
    your draft, access the Turnitin Drafts from the Start Here area.

    1. To submit your completed assignment, save your Assignment as
    WK4Assgn_LastName_FirstInitial

    2. Then, click on Start Assignment near the top of the page.
    3. Next, click on Upload File and select Submit Assignment for review.

    SUBMISSION INFORMATION

    Criteria Ratings Pts

    For the
    original
    experimental
    study idea
    created,
    included are:
    The research
    question,
    hypothesis &
    prediction; the
    independent
    and
    dependent
    variables;
    operational
    definitions for
    each variable.

    10 pts

    Explanation of
    what another
    researcher
    would need to
    know and do
    to conduct an
    exact
    replication of
    the study idea 10 pts

    Explanation of
    how a

    10 pts

    10 pts
    A

    Response is
    complete and
    accurate;
    contains
    sufficient
    details and/or
    explanation.

    8.5 pts
    B

    Response is
    complete and
    mostly
    accurate;
    contains some
    details and/or
    explanation

    7.5 pts
    C

    Response is
    somewhat
    complete
    and/or is
    somewhat
    accurate;
    and/or does
    not contain
    sufficient
    details and/or
    explanation.

    6.5 pts
    D

    Response is
    incomplete or
    is mostly
    inaccurate;
    lacks sufficient
    details and/or
    explanation.

    0 pts
    F

    Response is
    incomplete or
    not provided;
    answers are
    inaccurate
    and/or not
    explained.

    10 pts
    A

    Response is
    complete and
    accurate;
    contains
    sufficient
    details and/or
    explanation;
    includes
    supporting
    information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources.

    8.5 pts
    B

    Response is
    complete and
    mostly
    accurate;
    contains some
    details and/or
    explanation;
    includes
    supporting
    information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources.

    7.5 pts
    C

    Response is
    somewhat
    complete
    and/or is
    somewhat
    accurate;
    and/or does
    not contain
    sufficient
    details and/or
    explanation;
    includes some
    supporting
    information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources.

    6.5 pts
    D

    Response is
    incomplete or
    is mostly
    inaccurate;
    lacks sufficient
    details and/or
    explanation;
    does not
    include
    supporting
    information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources.

    0 pts
    F

    Response is
    incomplete or
    not provided;
    answers are
    inaccurate
    and/or not
    explained;
    does not
    include
    supporting
    information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources.

    10 pts
    A

    8.5 pts
    B

    7.5 pts
    C

    6.5 pts
    D

    0 pts
    F

    Criteria Ratings Pts

    different
    researcher
    could conduct
    a conceptual
    replication of
    the original
    study and
    provide an
    example of
    how the
    replication
    would be
    carried out.

    Proposal of
    how the initial
    experimental
    study idea
    could be
    conducted
    with a
    different
    population or
    in a different
    setting to
    demonstrate
    generalization

    10 pts

    Brief
    explanation in
    the student’s
    words about
    the
    connection of
    how

    10 pts

    Response is
    complete and
    accurate;
    contains
    sufficient
    details and/or
    explanation;
    includes
    supporting
    information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources.

    Response is
    complete and
    mostly
    accurate;
    contains some
    details and/or
    explanation;
    includes
    supporting
    information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources.

    Response is
    somewhat
    complete
    and/or is
    somewhat
    accurate;
    and/or does
    not contain
    sufficient
    details and/or
    explanation;
    includes some
    supporting
    information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources.

    Response is
    incomplete or
    is mostly
    inaccurate;
    lacks sufficient
    details and/or
    explanation;
    does not
    include
    supporting
    information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources.

    Response is
    incomplete or
    not provided;
    answers are
    inaccurate
    and/or not
    explained;
    does not
    include
    supporting
    information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources.

    10 pts
    A
    Response is
    complete and
    accurate;
    contains
    sufficient
    details and/or
    explanation;
    includes
    supporting
    information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources.

    8.5 pts
    B
    Response is
    complete and
    mostly
    accurate;
    contains some
    details and/or
    explanation;
    includes
    supporting
    information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources.

    7.5 pts
    C
    Response is
    somewhat
    complete
    and/or is
    somewhat
    accurate;
    and/or does
    not contain
    sufficient
    details and/or
    explanation;
    includes some
    supporting
    information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources.

    6.5 pts
    D
    Response is
    incomplete or
    is mostly
    inaccurate;
    lacks sufficient
    details and/or
    explanation;
    does not
    include
    supporting
    information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources.

    0 pts
    F
    Response is
    incomplete or
    not provided;
    answers are
    inaccurate
    and/or not
    explained;
    does not
    include
    supporting
    information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources.

    10 pts
    A

    Response is
    complete and
    accurate;
    contains
    sufficient
    details and/or

    8.5 pts
    B

    Response is
    complete and
    mostly
    accurate;
    contains some
    details and/or

    7.5 pts
    C

    Response is
    somewhat
    complete
    and/or is
    somewhat
    accurate;

    6.5 pts
    D

    Response is
    incomplete or
    is mostly
    inaccurate;
    lacks sufficient
    details and/or

    0 pts
    F

    Response is
    incomplete or
    not provided;
    answers are
    inaccurate
    and/or not

    Criteria Ratings Pts

    replications
    relate to the
    concepts of
    generalization
    and external
    validity
    applied to
    study idea

    Quality of
    Writing

    10 pts

    explanation;
    includes
    supporting
    information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources.

    explanation;
    includes
    supporting
    information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources.

    and/or does
    not contain
    sufficient
    details and/or
    explanation;
    includes some
    supporting
    information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources.

    explanation;
    does not
    include
    supporting
    information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources.

    explained;
    does not
    include
    supporting
    information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources.

    10 pts
    A
    Writing is clear
    and organized
    with few or no
    errors in
    mechanics,
    usage,
    grammar, or
    spelling
    (MUGS).
    There is a
    preponderance
    of original
    writing (i.e.,
    use of own
    words and
    proper
    paraphrasing).
    Information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources is
    fully provided
    and correctly
    documented
    with citation(s)
    and
    reference(s) in
    correct APA
    style.

    8.5 pts
    B
    Writing is
    mostly clear
    and organized
    with few
    MUGS errors.
    Writing is
    original (i.e.,
    use of own
    words and
    proper
    paraphrasing).
    Information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources is
    mostly
    provided and
    correctly
    documented
    with citation(s)
    and
    reference(s) in
    correct APA
    style.

    7.5 pts
    C
    Writing is
    somewhat
    clear and
    organized with
    some MUGS
    errors. Most
    writing is
    mostly original
    (i.e., use of
    own words
    and proper
    paraphrasing)
    but may rely
    on the use of
    some direct
    quotations.
    Information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources is
    partially
    provided
    and/or
    incorrectly
    documented
    with citation(s)
    and/or
    reference(s),
    and/or
    citations(s)
    and

    6.5 pts
    D
    Writing is
    mostly unclear
    and
    disorganized
    and/or
    contains many
    MUGS errors.
    There is an
    overuse of
    direct
    quotations
    and/or
    ineffective
    paraphrasing.
    Information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources is
    significantly
    lacking and/or
    is incorrectly
    documented
    and/or
    citation(s) and
    reference(s)
    do not follow
    correct APA
    style.

    0 pts
    F
    Writing is
    mostly unclear
    and/or mostly
    disorganized
    and/or
    contains many
    MUGS errors.
    There is an
    underuse of
    original writing
    and an
    overuse of
    directly quoted
    content.
    Information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources is
    absent and/or
    is not cited or
    referenced in
    any way.

    Criteria Ratings Pts

    Total Points: 60

    reference(s)
    do not follow
    correct APA
    style.

    **## Week4_Assignment7.pdf**

    Due Sunday by 10:59pm
    Points 60
    Submitting a text entry box or a file upload
    Attempts 0
    Allowed Attempts 2

    Start Assignment

     Back to Week at a Glance
    (https://waldenu.instructure.com/courses/182224/modules/items/7585115

    EXTERNAL VALIDITY: REPLICATION AND
    GENERALIZATION

    In the Discussion for this week, you evaluated possible confounding variables that could threaten
    the internal validity of a study. For the Assignment, you will turn your attention to methods that
    support the external validity of studies. You first learned about external validity in Chapter 4, which
    refers to the extent to which a study's findings can accurately be generalized to other populations
    and settings. When the results of a research study are generalizable to additional populations and
    settings, the study demonstrates external validity.

    Replications of studies are essential to demonstrate both generalization and external validity. This
    week, you will learn about two types of replication procedures—exact replication and conceptual
    replication—and you will develop original examples of these two replication procedures with the goal
    of demonstrating generalization and external validity.

    (https://cdn-

    media.waldenu.edu/2dett4d/Walden/Canvas/Adobe/OrigImage-
    LgRendition/AdobeStock_85321464.jpeg)

    RESOURCES

    [https://waldenu.instructure.com/courses/182224/modules/items/7585115](https://waldenu.instructure.com/courses/182224/modules/items/7585115)

    [https://waldenu.instructure.com/courses/182224/modules/items/7585115](https://waldenu.instructure.com/courses/182224/modules/items/7585115)

    [https://cdn-media.waldenu.edu/2dett4d/Walden/Canvas/Adobe/OrigImage-LgRendition/AdobeStock_85321464.jpeg](https://cdn-media.waldenu.edu/2dett4d/Walden/Canvas/Adobe/OrigImage-LgRendition/AdobeStock_85321464.jpeg)

    [https://cdn-media.waldenu.edu/2dett4d/Walden/Canvas/Adobe/OrigImage-LgRendition/AdobeStock_85321464.jpeg](https://cdn-media.waldenu.edu/2dett4d/Walden/Canvas/Adobe/OrigImage-LgRendition/AdobeStock_85321464.jpeg)

    [https://cdn-media.waldenu.edu/2dett4d/Walden/Canvas/Adobe/OrigImage-LgRendition/AdobeStock_85321464.jpeg](https://cdn-media.waldenu.edu/2dett4d/Walden/Canvas/Adobe/OrigImage-LgRendition/AdobeStock_85321464.jpeg)

    [https://cdn-media.waldenu.edu/2dett4d/Walden/Canvas/Adobe/OrigImage-LgRendition/AdobeStock_85321464.jpeg](https://cdn-media.waldenu.edu/2dett4d/Walden/Canvas/Adobe/OrigImage-LgRendition/AdobeStock_85321464.jpeg)

    To prepare:

    Read Chapter 14.
    Think of an original experimental study (i.e., do not use examples from the textbook or
    found elsewhere) and develop a research question, hypothesis, and prediction.
    Consider how other researchers interested in your topic would conduct an exact replication
    and a conceptual replication of your study idea (i.e.: What elements would be the same and
    which would be different?) and how the replications would be carried out.
    Consider how the study idea could be carried out with another population and in another
    setting to demonstrate the concepts of generalization and external validity.

    Submit a 2-page paper that responds to the following:

    For the original experimental study idea you created provide the following:
    Research question
    Hypothesis and prediction
    Independent and dependent variables
    Operational definitions for each variable

    Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity.

    Review previous chapters if you need to (e.g., Chapter 2 on
    creating research questions and hypotheses, IV/DV, operational
    definitions)

    Cozby, P. C., & Bates, S. C. (2024). Methods in behavioral
    research (15th ed.). McGraw Hill.

    Chapter 14, “Generalization”

    ShortCutsTV (Producer). (2016). Experimental design
    (https://video.alexanderstreet.com/p/08oNJVZZ3) [Video] Alexander
    Street. https://video.alexanderstreet.com/watch/experimental-design

    Readings 

    Media 

    BY DAY 7

    [https://video.alexanderstreet.com/p/08oNJVZZ3](https://video.alexanderstreet.com/p/08oNJVZZ3)

    [https://video.alexanderstreet.com/p/08oNJVZZ3](https://video.alexanderstreet.com/p/08oNJVZZ3)

    [https://video.alexanderstreet.com/p/08oNJVZZ3](https://video.alexanderstreet.com/p/08oNJVZZ3)

    [https://video.alexanderstreet.com/p/08oNJVZZ3](https://video.alexanderstreet.com/p/08oNJVZZ3)

    PSYC_3003_Week4_Assignment_Rubric

    Next,

    Explain what another researcher would need to know and do to conduct an exact replication
    of your study idea (i.e.: What elements would be the same and which would be different?).
    Explain how a different researcher could conduct a conceptual replication of your original
    study and provide an example of how the replication would be carried out.
    Propose how your initial experimental study idea could be conducted with a different
    population or in a different setting to demonstrate generalization.
    Applying your study idea, make the connection in your own words to explain how
    replications relate to the concepts of generalization and external validity.

    Note: Support your responses within your Assignment with evidence from the assigned
    Learning Resources. Provide a reference list for resources you used for this Assignment. Use
    APA style for in-text citations and references.

    Before submitting your final assignment, you can check your draft for authenticity. To check
    your draft, access the Turnitin Drafts from the Start Here area.

    1. To submit your completed assignment, save your Assignment as
    WK4Assgn_LastName_FirstInitial

    2. Then, click on Start Assignment near the top of the page.
    3. Next, click on Upload File and select Submit Assignment for review.

    SUBMISSION INFORMATION

    Criteria Ratings Pts

    For the
    original
    experimental
    study idea
    created,
    included are:
    The research
    question,
    hypothesis &
    prediction; the
    independent
    and
    dependent
    variables;
    operational
    definitions for
    each variable.

    10 pts

    Explanation of
    what another
    researcher
    would need to
    know and do
    to conduct an
    exact
    replication of
    the study idea 10 pts

    Explanation of
    how a

    10 pts

    10 pts
    A

    Response is
    complete and
    accurate;
    contains
    sufficient
    details and/or
    explanation.

    8.5 pts
    B

    Response is
    complete and
    mostly
    accurate;
    contains some
    details and/or
    explanation

    7.5 pts
    C

    Response is
    somewhat
    complete
    and/or is
    somewhat
    accurate;
    and/or does
    not contain
    sufficient
    details and/or
    explanation.

    6.5 pts
    D

    Response is
    incomplete or
    is mostly
    inaccurate;
    lacks sufficient
    details and/or
    explanation.

    0 pts
    F

    Response is
    incomplete or
    not provided;
    answers are
    inaccurate
    and/or not
    explained.

    10 pts
    A

    Response is
    complete and
    accurate;
    contains
    sufficient
    details and/or
    explanation;
    includes
    supporting
    information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources.

    8.5 pts
    B

    Response is
    complete and
    mostly
    accurate;
    contains some
    details and/or
    explanation;
    includes
    supporting
    information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources.

    7.5 pts
    C

    Response is
    somewhat
    complete
    and/or is
    somewhat
    accurate;
    and/or does
    not contain
    sufficient
    details and/or
    explanation;
    includes some
    supporting
    information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources.

    6.5 pts
    D

    Response is
    incomplete or
    is mostly
    inaccurate;
    lacks sufficient
    details and/or
    explanation;
    does not
    include
    supporting
    information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources.

    0 pts
    F

    Response is
    incomplete or
    not provided;
    answers are
    inaccurate
    and/or not
    explained;
    does not
    include
    supporting
    information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources.

    10 pts
    A

    8.5 pts
    B

    7.5 pts
    C

    6.5 pts
    D

    0 pts
    F

    Criteria Ratings Pts

    different
    researcher
    could conduct
    a conceptual
    replication of
    the original
    study and
    provide an
    example of
    how the
    replication
    would be
    carried out.

    Proposal of
    how the initial
    experimental
    study idea
    could be
    conducted
    with a
    different
    population or
    in a different
    setting to
    demonstrate
    generalization

    10 pts

    Brief
    explanation in
    the student’s
    words about
    the
    connection of
    how

    10 pts

    Response is
    complete and
    accurate;
    contains
    sufficient
    details and/or
    explanation;
    includes
    supporting
    information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources.

    Response is
    complete and
    mostly
    accurate;
    contains some
    details and/or
    explanation;
    includes
    supporting
    information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources.

    Response is
    somewhat
    complete
    and/or is
    somewhat
    accurate;
    and/or does
    not contain
    sufficient
    details and/or
    explanation;
    includes some
    supporting
    information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources.

    Response is
    incomplete or
    is mostly
    inaccurate;
    lacks sufficient
    details and/or
    explanation;
    does not
    include
    supporting
    information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources.

    Response is
    incomplete or
    not provided;
    answers are
    inaccurate
    and/or not
    explained;
    does not
    include
    supporting
    information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources.

    10 pts
    A
    Response is
    complete and
    accurate;
    contains
    sufficient
    details and/or
    explanation;
    includes
    supporting
    information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources.

    8.5 pts
    B
    Response is
    complete and
    mostly
    accurate;
    contains some
    details and/or
    explanation;
    includes
    supporting
    information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources.

    7.5 pts
    C
    Response is
    somewhat
    complete
    and/or is
    somewhat
    accurate;
    and/or does
    not contain
    sufficient
    details and/or
    explanation;
    includes some
    supporting
    information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources.

    6.5 pts
    D
    Response is
    incomplete or
    is mostly
    inaccurate;
    lacks sufficient
    details and/or
    explanation;
    does not
    include
    supporting
    information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources.

    0 pts
    F
    Response is
    incomplete or
    not provided;
    answers are
    inaccurate
    and/or not
    explained;
    does not
    include
    supporting
    information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources.

    10 pts
    A

    Response is
    complete and
    accurate;
    contains
    sufficient
    details and/or

    8.5 pts
    B

    Response is
    complete and
    mostly
    accurate;
    contains some
    details and/or

    7.5 pts
    C

    Response is
    somewhat
    complete
    and/or is
    somewhat
    accurate;

    6.5 pts
    D

    Response is
    incomplete or
    is mostly
    inaccurate;
    lacks sufficient
    details and/or

    0 pts
    F

    Response is
    incomplete or
    not provided;
    answers are
    inaccurate
    and/or not

    Criteria Ratings Pts

    replications
    relate to the
    concepts of
    generalization
    and external
    validity
    applied to
    study idea

    Quality of
    Writing

    10 pts

    explanation;
    includes
    supporting
    information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources.

    explanation;
    includes
    supporting
    information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources.

    and/or does
    not contain
    sufficient
    details and/or
    explanation;
    includes some
    supporting
    information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources.

    explanation;
    does not
    include
    supporting
    information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources.

    explained;
    does not
    include
    supporting
    information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources.

    10 pts
    A
    Writing is clear
    and organized
    with few or no
    errors in
    mechanics,
    usage,
    grammar, or
    spelling
    (MUGS).
    There is a
    preponderance
    of original
    writing (i.e.,
    use of own
    words and
    proper
    paraphrasing).
    Information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources is
    fully provided
    and correctly
    documented
    with citation(s)
    and
    reference(s) in
    correct APA
    style.

    8.5 pts
    B
    Writing is
    mostly clear
    and organized
    with few
    MUGS errors.
    Writing is
    original (i.e.,
    use of own
    words and
    proper
    paraphrasing).
    Information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources is
    mostly
    provided and
    correctly
    documented
    with citation(s)
    and
    reference(s) in
    correct APA
    style.

    7.5 pts
    C
    Writing is
    somewhat
    clear and
    organized with
    some MUGS
    errors. Most
    writing is
    mostly original
    (i.e., use of
    own words
    and proper
    paraphrasing)
    but may rely
    on the use of
    some direct
    quotations.
    Information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources is
    partially
    provided
    and/or
    incorrectly
    documented
    with citation(s)
    and/or
    reference(s),
    and/or
    citations(s)
    and

    6.5 pts
    D
    Writing is
    mostly unclear
    and
    disorganized
    and/or
    contains many
    MUGS errors.
    There is an
    overuse of
    direct
    quotations
    and/or
    ineffective
    paraphrasing.
    Information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources is
    significantly
    lacking and/or
    is incorrectly
    documented
    and/or
    citation(s) and
    reference(s)
    do not follow
    correct APA
    style.

    0 pts
    F
    Writing is
    mostly unclear
    and/or mostly
    disorganized
    and/or
    contains many
    MUGS errors.
    There is an
    underuse of
    original writing
    and an
    overuse of
    directly quoted
    content.
    Information
    from the
    Learning
    Resources is
    absent and/or
    is not cited or
    referenced in
    any way.

    Criteria Ratings Pts

    Total Points: 60

    reference(s)
    do not follow
    correct APA
    style.

  • [Solved] 510 work review

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  • [Solved] MGT 608 Week three discussion post 2 question. Your initial post should be roughly 150 words in length. Cite sources you reference in-text and under a “References” section in APA format

    ✓ Verified Academic Solution Available

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    – ## WeekThreediscussionpost2HM.docx **## WeekThreediscussionpost2HM.docx** Week THREE discussion post 2 LINK TO BOOK: [https://bookshelf.vitalsource.com/reader/books/9781394217328/epubcfi/6/2[%3Bvnd.vst.idref%3DAcover]!/4](https://bookshelf.vitalsource.com/reader/books/9781394217328/epubcfi/6/2%5…

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    – ## WeekThreediscussionpost2HM.docx

    **## WeekThreediscussionpost2HM.docx**

    Week THREE discussion post 2

    LINK TO BOOK:
    [https://bookshelf.vitalsource.com/reader/books/9781394217328/epubcfi/6/2[%3Bvnd.vst.idref%3DAcover]!/4](https://bookshelf.vitalsource.com/reader/books/9781394217328/epubcfi/6/2%5b%3Bvnd.vst.idref%3DAcover%5d!/4) (I will send username and password separately in message).

    [**Discussion 6: Identify the Business Opportunity and Define the Goal**](https://nationalu.brightspace.com/d2l/le/120512/discussions/topics/449520/View)

    **Instructions**

    Utilizing your organization, identify the supply chain opportunity. You may choose a company if you are not working or have a company to discuss.

    · If you are considering "fix and improve something already existing" (p. 258), then utilize Goldratt's theory of constraints as your guidelines (Chapter 6).

    · If your organization should "build something new," utilize the resources found in Chapter 8 to create your process.

    Contributions must display original thinking and good knowledge of the subject matter, including links and references to sources to support your arguments. Additionally, make sure you cite sources you reference in-text and under a "References" section in APA format.

    **## WeekThreediscussionpost2HM.docx**

    Week THREE discussion post 2

    LINK TO BOOK:
    [https://bookshelf.vitalsource.com/reader/books/9781394217328/epubcfi/6/2[%3Bvnd.vst.idref%3DAcover]!/4](https://bookshelf.vitalsource.com/reader/books/9781394217328/epubcfi/6/2%5b%3Bvnd.vst.idref%3DAcover%5d!/4) (I will send username and password separately in message).

    [**Discussion 6: Identify the Business Opportunity and Define the Goal**](https://nationalu.brightspace.com/d2l/le/120512/discussions/topics/449520/View)

    **Instructions**

    Utilizing your organization, identify the supply chain opportunity. You may choose a company if you are not working or have a company to discuss.

    · If you are considering "fix and improve something already existing" (p. 258), then utilize Goldratt's theory of constraints as your guidelines (Chapter 6).

    · If your organization should "build something new," utilize the resources found in Chapter 8 to create your process.

    Contributions must display original thinking and good knowledge of the subject matter, including links and references to sources to support your arguments. Additionally, make sure you cite sources you reference in-text and under a "References" section in APA format.

  • [Solved] 600 work3

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  • [Solved] GLR STUDY

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    – ## GRLASSIGNMENTNUMBER2.docx – ## GRLR-HomeworkAssignment2-supportingdocument-StridePharmaceuticalWL.pdf – GRLR-HomeworkAssignment2-supportingdocument-2022FDAOutofSpecificationguidance.pdf **## GRLASSIGNMENTNUMBER2.docx** ![](https://www.sweetstudy.com/questions/glr-study)Version 10 **Homework Ass…

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    – ## GRLASSIGNMENTNUMBER2.docx

    – ## GRLR-HomeworkAssignment2-supportingdocument-StridePharmaceuticalWL.pdf

    – GRLR-HomeworkAssignment2-supportingdocument-2022FDAOutofSpecificationguidance.pdf

    **## GRLASSIGNMENTNUMBER2.docx**

    ![](https://www.sweetstudy.com/questions/glr-study)Version 10

    **Homework Assignment 2**

    Pathway for Patient Health

    Global Regulatory and Legal Requirements of Quality

    | |
    | — |
    | **Complete this assignment by typing your answers into this Word document** |

    First Name:

    Last Name:

    Email address:

    · Save this file as: First Name Last Name GRLR Project 2 (e.g. Marla Phillips GRLR Project 2.doc)

    · Submit this assignment in Canvas

    · Assignment due dates are as listed in the syllabus.

    · Generative AI use is not allowed on this assignment.

    | |
    | — |
    | **This assignment must be submitted by the due date that was provided to you by 11:59pm (EST)** |

    **Review the Warning Letter issued to Strides Pharmaceutical by the FDA on July 1, 2019.**

    **Resources** you will need for this Assignment:

    · As the warning letter under review in this assignment may not be available on the active
    [www.FDA.gov](http://www.fda.gov/) website, a copy has been provided in your class materials.

    · The 2022 FDA Out-of-Specification Guidance.
    [https://www.fda.gov/media/158416/download](https://www.fda.gov/media/158416/download)

    **Questions:**

    1. Explain why the “Quality System” was determined to be inadequate by the FDA. Provide evidence from the Warning Letter to support your response. Identify 3 sections of 21CFR211 (Title 21 of the Code of Federal Regulation, Part 211) that you feel were violated, and explain why.

    (
    **Hint:** See the assignment rubric below to ensure that you are providing a complete answer.)

    2. After reviewing the 2022 FDA Guidance on handling out of specification test results (only need to read sections I – IV.B.1), what should Strides Pharmaceuticals have done to investigate their failing results? Provide a brief explanation of the steps they should have taken.

    (
    **Hint:** See the assignment rubric below to ensure that you are providing a complete answer.)

    3. Practice looking up warning letters on the FDA.gov website.

    a. Find the FDA searchable Warning Letter database page.

    b. Provide the following information for the most recent Warning letter issued by the Center of Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER).

    i. Link to warning letter:

    ii. Company name:

    iii. List the violation(s) cited and the referenced regulations (if there are more than two violations sited, just provide information on two):

    (Note: This will look something like this:

    _Your firm failed to have, for each batch of drug product, appropriate laboratory determination of satisfactory conformance to final specifications for the drug product, including the identity and strength of each active ingredient, prior to release (21 CFR 211.165(a))._

    -or, for another example:

    _Your product is misbranded under section 502(a) of the FD&C Act, 21 U.S.C. 352(a)._)

    | | |
    | — | — |
    | **Grading Comments for Question 1** | **Score for Question 1**<br>**(Possible 4)** |
    | | |

    | | |
    | — | — |
    | **Grading Comments for Question 2** | **Score for Question 2**<br>**(Possible 4)** |
    | | |

    | | |
    | — | — |
    | **Grading Comments for Question 3** | **Score for Question 2**<br>**(Possible 2)** |
    | | |

    **Rubric:**

    | | | | | |
    | — | — | — | — | — |
    | | **Does not meet requirements** | **Some requirements met** | **Good** | **Excellent** |
    | **Questions 1** | No engagement/effort with this question. (0)<br>Use of AI (0) | The student identified some minimal examples of quality system violations, but did not provide CFR references or explanation. (1) | The student identified examples of quality system violations, provided CFR references, but did not explain how the CFR sections were violated. (2-3) | The student identified examples of quality system violations, provided CFR references, and explained how the CFR sections were violated. (4) |
    | **Question 2** | No engagement/effort with this question. (0)<br>Use of AI (0) | The student attempted to identify what Stride should have done to investigate the failing results, but the explanation was inadequate, and the student did not describe the steps. (1) | The student identified what Stride should have done to investigate the failing results, but did not describe the steps. (2-3) | The student identified what Stride should have done to investigate the failing results, and described the steps (4) |
    | **Question 3** | No engagement/effort with this question. (0)<br>Use of AI (0) | The student provides a reference to a warning letter from an FDA Center other than CDER (0.5) | The student identifies and references a CDER issued warning letter but does not accurately identify the violations and CFR references. (1-1.5) | The student identifies and references a CDER issued warning letter and correctly provides the requested information. (2) |

    Marla A. Phillips, Ph.D. | CEO and President | Pathway for Patient Health

    Marla.Phillips@Pathway4PH.org | 513-238-4338 | www.Pathway4PH.org

    ## image1.png

    **## GRLR-HomeworkAssignment2-supportingdocument-StridePharmaceuticalWL.pdf**

    1/12/2020 Strides Pharma Science Limited – 576722 – 07/01/2019 | FDA

    https://www.fda.gov/inspections-compliance-enforcement-and-criminal-investigations/warning-letters/strides-pharma-science-limited-576722-07012019 1/5

    WARNING LETTER

    Strides Pharma Science Limited
    MARCS-CMS 576722 — JULY 01, 2019

    Delivery Method:

    UPS

    Product:

    Drugs

    UPS Warning Letter 320-19-28

    Return Receipt Requested

    July 01, 2019

    Mr. Arun Kumar

    Chief Executive Officer/Managing Director

    Recipient:

    Mr. Arun Kumar

    Chief Executive O�cer/Managing Director

    Strides Pharma Science Limited

    Strides House, Bilekahalli
    Bannerghatta Road
    Bangalore 560076
    India

    Issuing O�ce:

    Center for Drug Evaluation and Research

    10903 New Hampshire Avenue
    Silver Spring, MD 20993
    United States

    1/12/2020 Strides Pharma Science Limited – 576722 – 07/01/2019 | FDA

    https://www.fda.gov/inspections-compliance-enforcement-and-criminal-investigations/warning-letters/strides-pharma-science-limited-576722-07012019 2/5

    Strides Pharma Science Limited

    Strides House, Bilekahalli

    Bannerghatta Road

    Bangalore 560076

    India

    Dear Mr. Kumar:

    The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) inspected your drug manufacturing facility, Strides Pharma Science
    Limited at Unit-II, R. S. No.: 32, 33 & 34 PIMS Road Periyakalapet, Puducherry, from January 28 to February 5, 2019.

    This warning letter summarizes significant violations of current good manufacturing practice (CGMP) regulations for
    finished pharmaceuticals. See 21 CFR, parts 210 and 211.

    Because your methods, facilities, or controls for manufacturing, processing, packing, or holding do not conform to
    CGMP, your drug products are adulterated within the meaning of section 501(a)(2)(B) of the Federal Food, Drug, and
    Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act), 21 U.S.C. 351(a)(2)(B).

    We reviewed your February 26, 2019, response in detail and acknowledge receipt of your subsequent correspondence.

    During our inspection, our investigators observed specific violations including, but not limited to, the following.

    1. Your firm failed to establish an adequate quality control unit with the responsibility and authority to approve
    or reject all components, drug product containers, closures, in-process materials, packaging materials, labeling,
    and drug products (21 CFR 211.22(a)).

    Your quality unit (QU) lacks appropriate responsibility and control over your drug manufacturing operations.
    During the inspection, our investigator observed discarded CGMP documents and evidence of uncontrolled shredding of
    documents. For example, multiple bags of uncontrolled CGMP documents with color coding indicating they were from
    drug production, quality, and laboratory operations were awaiting shredding. Our investigator also found a blue binder
    containing CGMP records, including batch records for U.S. drug products, discarded with other records in a 55-gallon
    drum in your scrap yard. CGMP documents in the binder were dated as recently as January 21, 2019: seven days before
    our inspection. Your QU did not review or check these documents prior to disposal.
    Your QU is responsible for the oversight of your drug manufacturing operations, including the review and approval of
    documents and document controls, to ensure a complete contemporaneous record of each batch of drug product
    manufactured. That record is retained for CGMP purposes including annual review. In addition, your QU is responsible
    for ensuring your production areas are adequately monitored and that employees understand your firm’s procedures and
    their assigned tasks.
    The uncontrolled destruction of CGMP records, and your lack of adequate documentation practices, raise questions about
    the effectiveness of your QU and the integrity and accuracy of your CGMP records.
    In your response you state the binder of CGMP documents in your scrap yard was “inadvertently come [sic] to scrap
    yard” and that you were investigating the issue. You also committed to using bound log books and restricting printing to
    reduce uncontrolled documents. In addition, you committed to strengthen your training program to include instructor-led
    classes geared towards good documentation practices.

    1/12/2020 Strides Pharma Science Limited – 576722 – 07/01/2019 | FDA

    https://www.fda.gov/inspections-compliance-enforcement-and-criminal-investigations/warning-letters/strides-pharma-science-limited-576722-07012019 3/5

    Your response is inadequate because, while you acknowledge the binder of CGMP records in your scrap yard, you did not
    assess other documents found in the scrapyard, nor did you assess how poor documentation practices affected distributed
    drug product or how you would strengthen your QU oversight.
    Your firm’s quality systems are inadequate. See FDA’s guidance document Quality Systems Approach to Pharmaceutical
    CGMP Regulations for help implementing quality systems and risk management approaches to meet the requirements of
    CGMP regulations 21 CFR, parts 210 and 211 at https://www.fda.gov/media/71023/download
    (h�ps://www.fda.gov/media/71023/download%0d)

    2. Your firm failed to thoroughly investigate any unexplained discrepancy or failure of a batch or any of its
    components to meet any of its specifications, whether or not the batch has already been distributed (21 CFR
    211.192).

    Your firm’s investigations of out-of-specification (OOS) results were closed without adequate scientific justification.
    For example, you opened an OOS investigation for (b)(4) USP active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) for an unknown
    impurity which exceeded your specification. Your investigation identified an “old reagent” as a root cause, despite your
    inability to reproduce the unknown impurity. You subsequently retested a new sample with fresh reagents and used the
    passing results to release the API for use in producing your (b)(4) USP drug product. You did not evaluate the original
    failing API sample. Your root cause determination and investigation were not scientifically justified.
    In your response you acknowledged that the original sample should have been tested as part of your investigation to
    determine a root cause and that the final root cause was not definitively concluded. You analyzed reserve samples for the
    lots of drug product manufactured with the API and found them to meet specifications. You also provided a retrospective
    review for all of your previous “invalidated” OOS results for products manufactured between January 2017 and March
    2019.
    Your response is inadequate. You failed to include the data that supports your reserve sample testing for batches
    manufactured containing the lot of API identified in your OOS investigation. In addition, you identified nine additional
    OOS investigations in which your root cause determination and investigation were not scientifically justified. You did not
    extend your investigation to include any associated reserve samples of batches that may have been manufactured using
    OOS materials.
    In response to this letter:

    For any OOS results with inconclusive or no root cause identified in the laboratory, include a thorough
    review of production (e.g., batch manufacturing records, adequacy of the manufacturing steps, raw
    materials, process capability, deviation history, batch failure history). Provide a corrective action and
    preventive action (CAPA) plan that identifies root causes and specifies meaningful improvements.

    Provide all reserve sample testing results. Include all analytical data for the API and drug product batches,
    including any batches manufactured using API with associated OOS results with inconclusive or no root
    cause.

    For more information about proper handling of OOS results and documenting your investigations, refer to the FDA
    guidance for industry Investigating OOS Test Results for Pharmaceutical Production at

    https://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Guidances/UCM070287.pdf
    (h�ps://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInforma�on/Guidances/UCM070287.pdf)

    Data Integrity Remediation

    [https://www.fda.gov/media/71023/download%0d](https://www.fda.gov/media/71023/download%0d)

    [https://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Guidances/UCM070287.pdf](https://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Guidances/UCM070287.pdf)

    1/12/2020 Strides Pharma Science Limited – 576722 – 07/01/2019 | FDA

    https://www.fda.gov/inspections-compliance-enforcement-and-criminal-investigations/warning-letters/strides-pharma-science-limited-576722-07012019 4/5

    Your quality system does not adequately ensure the accuracy and integrity of data to support the safety, effectiveness, and
    quality of the drugs you manufacture. See FDA’s guidance document Data Integrity and Compliance With Drug CGMP
    for guidance on establishing and following CGMP-compliant data integrity practices
    at https://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Guidances/UCM495891.pdf
    (h�ps://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInforma�on/Guidances/UCM495891.pdf)

    We strongly recommend that you retain a qualified consultant to assist in your remediation.

    In response to this letter, provide the following:

    A. An assessment of the extent of data integrity deficiencies at your facility. Identify omissions, alterations, deletions,
    record destruction, non-contemporaneous record completion, and other deficiencies. Describe all parts of your
    facility’s operations in which you discovered data integrity lapses.

    B. A current risk assessment of the potential effects of the observed failures on the quality of your drugs. Your
    assessment should include analyses of the risks to patients caused by the release of drugs affected by a lapse of data
    integrity and analyses of the risks posed by ongoing operations.

    C. A management strategy for your firm that includes the details of your global corrective action and preventive action
    plan. The detailed corrective action plan should describe how you intend to ensure the reliability and completeness
    of all data generated by your firm, including microbiological and analytical data, manufacturing records, and all
    data submitted to FDA.

    Conclusion
    Violations cited in this letter are not intended as an all-inclusive list. You are responsible for investigating these
    violations, for determining the causes, for preventing their recurrence, and for preventing other violations in all your
    facilities.
    If you are considering an action that is likely to lead to a disruption in the supply of drugs produced at your facility, FDA
    requests that you contact CDER’s Drug Shortages Staff immediately, at drugshortages@fda.hhs.gov, so that FDA can
    work with you on the most effective way to bring your operations into compliance with the law. Contacting the Drug
    Shortages Staff also allows you to meet any obligations you may have to report discontinuances or interruptions in your
    drug manufacture under 21 U.S.C. 356C(b) and allows FDA to consider, as soon as possible, what actions, if any, may be
    needed to avoid shortages and protect the health of patients who depend on your products.
    Until you correct all violations completely and we confirm your compliance with CGMP, FDA may withhold approval of
    any new applications or supplements listing your firm as a drug manufacturer.
    Failure to correct these violations may also result in FDA refusing admission of articles manufactured at Strides Pharma
    Science Limited, FEI 3012448465, at Unit-II, R. S. No.: 32, 33 & 34 PIMS Road Periyakalapet, Puducherry into the
    United States under section 801(a)(3) of the FD&C Act, 21 U.S.C. 381(a)(3). Under the same authority, articles may be
    subject to refusal of admission, in that the methods and controls used in their manufacture do not appear to conform to
    CGMP within the meaning of section 501(a)(2)(B) of the FD&C Act, 21 U.S.C. 351(a)(2)(B).
    After you receive this letter, respond to this office in writing within 15 working days. Specify what you have done since
    our inspection to correct your violations and to prevent their recurrence. If you cannot complete corrective actions within
    15 working days, state your reasons for delay and your schedule for completion.
    Send your electronic reply to CDER-OC-OMQ-Communications@fda.hhs.gov (mailto:CDER-OC-OMQ-

    Communica�ons@fda.hhs.gov) or mail your reply to:

    Carla Norris

    Compliance Officer

    [https://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Guidances/UCM495891.pdf](https://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Guidances/UCM495891.pdf)

    [mailto:CDER-OC-OMQ-Communications@fda.hhs.gov](mailto:CDER-OC-OMQ-Communications@fda.hhs.gov)

    1/12/2020 Strides Pharma Science Limited – 576722 – 07/01/2019 | FDA

    https://www.fda.gov/inspections-compliance-enforcement-and-criminal-investigations/warning-letters/strides-pharma-science-limited-576722-07012019 5/5

    U.S. Food and Drug Administration

    White Oak Building 51, Room 4359

    10903 New Hampshire Avenue

    Silver Spring, MD 20993

    USA

    Please identify your response with FEI 3012448465.

    Sincerely,

    /S/

    Francis Godwin

    Director

    Office of Manufacturing Quality

    Office of Compliance

    Center for Drug Evaluation and Research

    cc:
    Mr. Umesh Kale
    President & Chief Quality Officer

    Strides Pharma Science Limited

    Strides House, Bilekahalli

    Bannerghatta Road

    Bangalore 560076

    India

     More Warning Letters (/inspections-compliance-enforcement-and-criminal-investigations/compliance-actions-and-activities/warning-letters)

    [https://www.fda.gov/inspections-compliance-enforcement-and-criminal-investigations/compliance-actions-and-activities/warning-letters](https://www.fda.gov/inspections-compliance-enforcement-and-criminal-investigations/compliance-actions-and-activities/warning-letters)

    **GRLR-HomeworkAssignment2-supportingdocument-2022FDAOutofSpecificationguidance.pdf**

    This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/grlr-homeworkassignment2-supportingdocument-2022fdaoutofspecificationguidance-pdf)

    **GRLR-HomeworkAssignment2-supportingdocument-2022FDAOutofSpecificationguidance.pdf**

    This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/grlr-homeworkassignment2-supportingdocument-2022fdaoutofspecificationguidance-pdf)

    **## GRLASSIGNMENTNUMBER2.docx**

    ![](https://www.sweetstudy.com/questions/glr-study)Version 10

    **Homework Assignment 2**

    Pathway for Patient Health

    Global Regulatory and Legal Requirements of Quality

    | |
    | — |
    | **Complete this assignment by typing your answers into this Word document** |

    First Name:

    Last Name:

    Email address:

    · Save this file as: First Name Last Name GRLR Project 2 (e.g. Marla Phillips GRLR Project 2.doc)

    · Submit this assignment in Canvas

    · Assignment due dates are as listed in the syllabus.

    · Generative AI use is not allowed on this assignment.

    | |
    | — |
    | **This assignment must be submitted by the due date that was provided to you by 11:59pm (EST)** |

    **Review the Warning Letter issued to Strides Pharmaceutical by the FDA on July 1, 2019.**

    **Resources** you will need for this Assignment:

    · As the warning letter under review in this assignment may not be available on the active
    [www.FDA.gov](http://www.fda.gov/) website, a copy has been provided in your class materials.

    · The 2022 FDA Out-of-Specification Guidance.
    [https://www.fda.gov/media/158416/download](https://www.fda.gov/media/158416/download)

    **Questions:**

    1. Explain why the “Quality System” was determined to be inadequate by the FDA. Provide evidence from the Warning Letter to support your response. Identify 3 sections of 21CFR211 (Title 21 of the Code of Federal Regulation, Part 211) that you feel were violated, and explain why.

    (
    **Hint:** See the assignment rubric below to ensure that you are providing a complete answer.)

    2. After reviewing the 2022 FDA Guidance on handling out of specification test results (only need to read sections I – IV.B.1), what should Strides Pharmaceuticals have done to investigate their failing results? Provide a brief explanation of the steps they should have taken.

    (
    **Hint:** See the assignment rubric below to ensure that you are providing a complete answer.)

    3. Practice looking up warning letters on the FDA.gov website.

    a. Find the FDA searchable Warning Letter database page.

    b. Provide the following information for the most recent Warning letter issued by the Center of Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER).

    i. Link to warning letter:

    ii. Company name:

    iii. List the violation(s) cited and the referenced regulations (if there are more than two violations sited, just provide information on two):

    (Note: This will look something like this:

    _Your firm failed to have, for each batch of drug product, appropriate laboratory determination of satisfactory conformance to final specifications for the drug product, including the identity and strength of each active ingredient, prior to release (21 CFR 211.165(a))._

    -or, for another example:

    _Your product is misbranded under section 502(a) of the FD&C Act, 21 U.S.C. 352(a)._)

    | | |
    | — | — |
    | **Grading Comments for Question 1** | **Score for Question 1**<br>**(Possible 4)** |
    | | |

    | | |
    | — | — |
    | **Grading Comments for Question 2** | **Score for Question 2**<br>**(Possible 4)** |
    | | |

    | | |
    | — | — |
    | **Grading Comments for Question 3** | **Score for Question 2**<br>**(Possible 2)** |
    | | |

    **Rubric:**

    | | | | | |
    | — | — | — | — | — |
    | | **Does not meet requirements** | **Some requirements met** | **Good** | **Excellent** |
    | **Questions 1** | No engagement/effort with this question. (0)<br>Use of AI (0) | The student identified some minimal examples of quality system violations, but did not provide CFR references or explanation. (1) | The student identified examples of quality system violations, provided CFR references, but did not explain how the CFR sections were violated. (2-3) | The student identified examples of quality system violations, provided CFR references, and explained how the CFR sections were violated. (4) |
    | **Question 2** | No engagement/effort with this question. (0)<br>Use of AI (0) | The student attempted to identify what Stride should have done to investigate the failing results, but the explanation was inadequate, and the student did not describe the steps. (1) | The student identified what Stride should have done to investigate the failing results, but did not describe the steps. (2-3) | The student identified what Stride should have done to investigate the failing results, and described the steps (4) |
    | **Question 3** | No engagement/effort with this question. (0)<br>Use of AI (0) | The student provides a reference to a warning letter from an FDA Center other than CDER (0.5) | The student identifies and references a CDER issued warning letter but does not accurately identify the violations and CFR references. (1-1.5) | The student identifies and references a CDER issued warning letter and correctly provides the requested information. (2) |

    Marla A. Phillips, Ph.D. | CEO and President | Pathway for Patient Health

    Marla.Phillips@Pathway4PH.org | 513-238-4338 | www.Pathway4PH.org

    ## image1.png

    **## GRLR-HomeworkAssignment2-supportingdocument-StridePharmaceuticalWL.pdf**

    1/12/2020 Strides Pharma Science Limited – 576722 – 07/01/2019 | FDA

    https://www.fda.gov/inspections-compliance-enforcement-and-criminal-investigations/warning-letters/strides-pharma-science-limited-576722-07012019 1/5

    WARNING LETTER

    Strides Pharma Science Limited
    MARCS-CMS 576722 — JULY 01, 2019

    Delivery Method:

    UPS

    Product:

    Drugs

    UPS Warning Letter 320-19-28

    Return Receipt Requested

    July 01, 2019

    Mr. Arun Kumar

    Chief Executive Officer/Managing Director

    Recipient:

    Mr. Arun Kumar

    Chief Executive O�cer/Managing Director

    Strides Pharma Science Limited

    Strides House, Bilekahalli
    Bannerghatta Road
    Bangalore 560076
    India

    Issuing O�ce:

    Center for Drug Evaluation and Research

    10903 New Hampshire Avenue
    Silver Spring, MD 20993
    United States

    1/12/2020 Strides Pharma Science Limited – 576722 – 07/01/2019 | FDA

    https://www.fda.gov/inspections-compliance-enforcement-and-criminal-investigations/warning-letters/strides-pharma-science-limited-576722-07012019 2/5

    Strides Pharma Science Limited

    Strides House, Bilekahalli

    Bannerghatta Road

    Bangalore 560076

    India

    Dear Mr. Kumar:

    The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) inspected your drug manufacturing facility, Strides Pharma Science
    Limited at Unit-II, R. S. No.: 32, 33 & 34 PIMS Road Periyakalapet, Puducherry, from January 28 to February 5, 2019.

    This warning letter summarizes significant violations of current good manufacturing practice (CGMP) regulations for
    finished pharmaceuticals. See 21 CFR, parts 210 and 211.

    Because your methods, facilities, or controls for manufacturing, processing, packing, or holding do not conform to
    CGMP, your drug products are adulterated within the meaning of section 501(a)(2)(B) of the Federal Food, Drug, and
    Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act), 21 U.S.C. 351(a)(2)(B).

    We reviewed your February 26, 2019, response in detail and acknowledge receipt of your subsequent correspondence.

    During our inspection, our investigators observed specific violations including, but not limited to, the following.

    1. Your firm failed to establish an adequate quality control unit with the responsibility and authority to approve
    or reject all components, drug product containers, closures, in-process materials, packaging materials, labeling,
    and drug products (21 CFR 211.22(a)).

    Your quality unit (QU) lacks appropriate responsibility and control over your drug manufacturing operations.
    During the inspection, our investigator observed discarded CGMP documents and evidence of uncontrolled shredding of
    documents. For example, multiple bags of uncontrolled CGMP documents with color coding indicating they were from
    drug production, quality, and laboratory operations were awaiting shredding. Our investigator also found a blue binder
    containing CGMP records, including batch records for U.S. drug products, discarded with other records in a 55-gallon
    drum in your scrap yard. CGMP documents in the binder were dated as recently as January 21, 2019: seven days before
    our inspection. Your QU did not review or check these documents prior to disposal.
    Your QU is responsible for the oversight of your drug manufacturing operations, including the review and approval of
    documents and document controls, to ensure a complete contemporaneous record of each batch of drug product
    manufactured. That record is retained for CGMP purposes including annual review. In addition, your QU is responsible
    for ensuring your production areas are adequately monitored and that employees understand your firm’s procedures and
    their assigned tasks.
    The uncontrolled destruction of CGMP records, and your lack of adequate documentation practices, raise questions about
    the effectiveness of your QU and the integrity and accuracy of your CGMP records.
    In your response you state the binder of CGMP documents in your scrap yard was “inadvertently come [sic] to scrap
    yard” and that you were investigating the issue. You also committed to using bound log books and restricting printing to
    reduce uncontrolled documents. In addition, you committed to strengthen your training program to include instructor-led
    classes geared towards good documentation practices.

    1/12/2020 Strides Pharma Science Limited – 576722 – 07/01/2019 | FDA

    https://www.fda.gov/inspections-compliance-enforcement-and-criminal-investigations/warning-letters/strides-pharma-science-limited-576722-07012019 3/5

    Your response is inadequate because, while you acknowledge the binder of CGMP records in your scrap yard, you did not
    assess other documents found in the scrapyard, nor did you assess how poor documentation practices affected distributed
    drug product or how you would strengthen your QU oversight.
    Your firm’s quality systems are inadequate. See FDA’s guidance document Quality Systems Approach to Pharmaceutical
    CGMP Regulations for help implementing quality systems and risk management approaches to meet the requirements of
    CGMP regulations 21 CFR, parts 210 and 211 at https://www.fda.gov/media/71023/download
    (h�ps://www.fda.gov/media/71023/download%0d)

    2. Your firm failed to thoroughly investigate any unexplained discrepancy or failure of a batch or any of its
    components to meet any of its specifications, whether or not the batch has already been distributed (21 CFR
    211.192).

    Your firm’s investigations of out-of-specification (OOS) results were closed without adequate scientific justification.
    For example, you opened an OOS investigation for (b)(4) USP active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) for an unknown
    impurity which exceeded your specification. Your investigation identified an “old reagent” as a root cause, despite your
    inability to reproduce the unknown impurity. You subsequently retested a new sample with fresh reagents and used the
    passing results to release the API for use in producing your (b)(4) USP drug product. You did not evaluate the original
    failing API sample. Your root cause determination and investigation were not scientifically justified.
    In your response you acknowledged that the original sample should have been tested as part of your investigation to
    determine a root cause and that the final root cause was not definitively concluded. You analyzed reserve samples for the
    lots of drug product manufactured with the API and found them to meet specifications. You also provided a retrospective
    review for all of your previous “invalidated” OOS results for products manufactured between January 2017 and March
    2019.
    Your response is inadequate. You failed to include the data that supports your reserve sample testing for batches
    manufactured containing the lot of API identified in your OOS investigation. In addition, you identified nine additional
    OOS investigations in which your root cause determination and investigation were not scientifically justified. You did not
    extend your investigation to include any associated reserve samples of batches that may have been manufactured using
    OOS materials.
    In response to this letter:

    For any OOS results with inconclusive or no root cause identified in the laboratory, include a thorough
    review of production (e.g., batch manufacturing records, adequacy of the manufacturing steps, raw
    materials, process capability, deviation history, batch failure history). Provide a corrective action and
    preventive action (CAPA) plan that identifies root causes and specifies meaningful improvements.

    Provide all reserve sample testing results. Include all analytical data for the API and drug product batches,
    including any batches manufactured using API with associated OOS results with inconclusive or no root
    cause.

    For more information about proper handling of OOS results and documenting your investigations, refer to the FDA
    guidance for industry Investigating OOS Test Results for Pharmaceutical Production at

    https://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Guidances/UCM070287.pdf
    (h�ps://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInforma�on/Guidances/UCM070287.pdf)

    Data Integrity Remediation

    [https://www.fda.gov/media/71023/download%0d](https://www.fda.gov/media/71023/download%0d)

    [https://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Guidances/UCM070287.pdf](https://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Guidances/UCM070287.pdf)

    1/12/2020 Strides Pharma Science Limited – 576722 – 07/01/2019 | FDA

    https://www.fda.gov/inspections-compliance-enforcement-and-criminal-investigations/warning-letters/strides-pharma-science-limited-576722-07012019 4/5

    Your quality system does not adequately ensure the accuracy and integrity of data to support the safety, effectiveness, and
    quality of the drugs you manufacture. See FDA’s guidance document Data Integrity and Compliance With Drug CGMP
    for guidance on establishing and following CGMP-compliant data integrity practices
    at https://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Guidances/UCM495891.pdf
    (h�ps://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInforma�on/Guidances/UCM495891.pdf)

    We strongly recommend that you retain a qualified consultant to assist in your remediation.

    In response to this letter, provide the following:

    A. An assessment of the extent of data integrity deficiencies at your facility. Identify omissions, alterations, deletions,
    record destruction, non-contemporaneous record completion, and other deficiencies. Describe all parts of your
    facility’s operations in which you discovered data integrity lapses.

    B. A current risk assessment of the potential effects of the observed failures on the quality of your drugs. Your
    assessment should include analyses of the risks to patients caused by the release of drugs affected by a lapse of data
    integrity and analyses of the risks posed by ongoing operations.

    C. A management strategy for your firm that includes the details of your global corrective action and preventive action
    plan. The detailed corrective action plan should describe how you intend to ensure the reliability and completeness
    of all data generated by your firm, including microbiological and analytical data, manufacturing records, and all
    data submitted to FDA.

    Conclusion
    Violations cited in this letter are not intended as an all-inclusive list. You are responsible for investigating these
    violations, for determining the causes, for preventing their recurrence, and for preventing other violations in all your
    facilities.
    If you are considering an action that is likely to lead to a disruption in the supply of drugs produced at your facility, FDA
    requests that you contact CDER’s Drug Shortages Staff immediately, at drugshortages@fda.hhs.gov, so that FDA can
    work with you on the most effective way to bring your operations into compliance with the law. Contacting the Drug
    Shortages Staff also allows you to meet any obligations you may have to report discontinuances or interruptions in your
    drug manufacture under 21 U.S.C. 356C(b) and allows FDA to consider, as soon as possible, what actions, if any, may be
    needed to avoid shortages and protect the health of patients who depend on your products.
    Until you correct all violations completely and we confirm your compliance with CGMP, FDA may withhold approval of
    any new applications or supplements listing your firm as a drug manufacturer.
    Failure to correct these violations may also result in FDA refusing admission of articles manufactured at Strides Pharma
    Science Limited, FEI 3012448465, at Unit-II, R. S. No.: 32, 33 & 34 PIMS Road Periyakalapet, Puducherry into the
    United States under section 801(a)(3) of the FD&C Act, 21 U.S.C. 381(a)(3). Under the same authority, articles may be
    subject to refusal of admission, in that the methods and controls used in their manufacture do not appear to conform to
    CGMP within the meaning of section 501(a)(2)(B) of the FD&C Act, 21 U.S.C. 351(a)(2)(B).
    After you receive this letter, respond to this office in writing within 15 working days. Specify what you have done since
    our inspection to correct your violations and to prevent their recurrence. If you cannot complete corrective actions within
    15 working days, state your reasons for delay and your schedule for completion.
    Send your electronic reply to CDER-OC-OMQ-Communications@fda.hhs.gov (mailto:CDER-OC-OMQ-

    Communica�ons@fda.hhs.gov) or mail your reply to:

    Carla Norris

    Compliance Officer

    [https://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Guidances/UCM495891.pdf](https://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Guidances/UCM495891.pdf)

    [mailto:CDER-OC-OMQ-Communications@fda.hhs.gov](mailto:CDER-OC-OMQ-Communications@fda.hhs.gov)

    1/12/2020 Strides Pharma Science Limited – 576722 – 07/01/2019 | FDA

    https://www.fda.gov/inspections-compliance-enforcement-and-criminal-investigations/warning-letters/strides-pharma-science-limited-576722-07012019 5/5

    U.S. Food and Drug Administration

    White Oak Building 51, Room 4359

    10903 New Hampshire Avenue

    Silver Spring, MD 20993

    USA

    Please identify your response with FEI 3012448465.

    Sincerely,

    /S/

    Francis Godwin

    Director

    Office of Manufacturing Quality

    Office of Compliance

    Center for Drug Evaluation and Research

    cc:
    Mr. Umesh Kale
    President & Chief Quality Officer

    Strides Pharma Science Limited

    Strides House, Bilekahalli

    Bannerghatta Road

    Bangalore 560076

    India

     More Warning Letters (/inspections-compliance-enforcement-and-criminal-investigations/compliance-actions-and-activities/warning-letters)

    [https://www.fda.gov/inspections-compliance-enforcement-and-criminal-investigations/compliance-actions-and-activities/warning-letters](https://www.fda.gov/inspections-compliance-enforcement-and-criminal-investigations/compliance-actions-and-activities/warning-letters)

    **GRLR-HomeworkAssignment2-supportingdocument-2022FDAOutofSpecificationguidance.pdf**

    This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/grlr-homeworkassignment2-supportingdocument-2022fdaoutofspecificationguidance-pdf)

    **## GRLASSIGNMENTNUMBER2.docx**

    ![](https://www.sweetstudy.com/questions/glr-study)Version 10

    **Homework Assignment 2**

    Pathway for Patient Health

    Global Regulatory and Legal Requirements of Quality

    | |
    | — |
    | **Complete this assignment by typing your answers into this Word document** |

    First Name:

    Last Name:

    Email address:

    · Save this file as: First Name Last Name GRLR Project 2 (e.g. Marla Phillips GRLR Project 2.doc)

    · Submit this assignment in Canvas

    · Assignment due dates are as listed in the syllabus.

    · Generative AI use is not allowed on this assignment.

    | |
    | — |
    | **This assignment must be submitted by the due date that was provided to you by 11:59pm (EST)** |

    **Review the Warning Letter issued to Strides Pharmaceutical by the FDA on July 1, 2019.**

    **Resources** you will need for this Assignment:

    · As the warning letter under review in this assignment may not be available on the active
    [www.FDA.gov](http://www.fda.gov/) website, a copy has been provided in your class materials.

    · The 2022 FDA Out-of-Specification Guidance.
    [https://www.fda.gov/media/158416/download](https://www.fda.gov/media/158416/download)

    **Questions:**

    1. Explain why the “Quality System” was determined to be inadequate by the FDA. Provide evidence from the Warning Letter to support your response. Identify 3 sections of 21CFR211 (Title 21 of the Code of Federal Regulation, Part 211) that you feel were violated, and explain why.

    (
    **Hint:** See the assignment rubric below to ensure that you are providing a complete answer.)

    2. After reviewing the 2022 FDA Guidance on handling out of specification test results (only need to read sections I – IV.B.1), what should Strides Pharmaceuticals have done to investigate their failing results? Provide a brief explanation of the steps they should have taken.

    (
    **Hint:** See the assignment rubric below to ensure that you are providing a complete answer.)

    3. Practice looking up warning letters on the FDA.gov website.

    a. Find the FDA searchable Warning Letter database page.

    b. Provide the following information for the most recent Warning letter issued by the Center of Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER).

    i. Link to warning letter:

    ii. Company name:

    iii. List the violation(s) cited and the referenced regulations (if there are more than two violations sited, just provide information on two):

    (Note: This will look something like this:

    _Your firm failed to have, for each batch of drug product, appropriate laboratory determination of satisfactory conformance to final specifications for the drug product, including the identity and strength of each active ingredient, prior to release (21 CFR 211.165(a))._

    -or, for another example:

    _Your product is misbranded under section 502(a) of the FD&C Act, 21 U.S.C. 352(a)._)

    | | |
    | — | — |
    | **Grading Comments for Question 1** | **Score for Question 1**<br>**(Possible 4)** |
    | | |

    | | |
    | — | — |
    | **Grading Comments for Question 2** | **Score for Question 2**<br>**(Possible 4)** |
    | | |

    | | |
    | — | — |
    | **Grading Comments for Question 3** | **Score for Question 2**<br>**(Possible 2)** |
    | | |

    **Rubric:**

    | | | | | |
    | — | — | — | — | — |
    | | **Does not meet requirements** | **Some requirements met** | **Good** | **Excellent** |
    | **Questions 1** | No engagement/effort with this question. (0)<br>Use of AI (0) | The student identified some minimal examples of quality system violations, but did not provide CFR references or explanation. (1) | The student identified examples of quality system violations, provided CFR references, but did not explain how the CFR sections were violated. (2-3) | The student identified examples of quality system violations, provided CFR references, and explained how the CFR sections were violated. (4) |
    | **Question 2** | No engagement/effort with this question. (0)<br>Use of AI (0) | The student attempted to identify what Stride should have done to investigate the failing results, but the explanation was inadequate, and the student did not describe the steps. (1) | The student identified what Stride should have done to investigate the failing results, but did not describe the steps. (2-3) | The student identified what Stride should have done to investigate the failing results, and described the steps (4) |
    | **Question 3** | No engagement/effort with this question. (0)<br>Use of AI (0) | The student provides a reference to a warning letter from an FDA Center other than CDER (0.5) | The student identifies and references a CDER issued warning letter but does not accurately identify the violations and CFR references. (1-1.5) | The student identifies and references a CDER issued warning letter and correctly provides the requested information. (2) |

    Marla A. Phillips, Ph.D. | CEO and President | Pathway for Patient Health

    Marla.Phillips@Pathway4PH.org | 513-238-4338 | www.Pathway4PH.org

    ## image1.png

    **## GRLR-HomeworkAssignment2-supportingdocument-StridePharmaceuticalWL.pdf**

    1/12/2020 Strides Pharma Science Limited – 576722 – 07/01/2019 | FDA

    https://www.fda.gov/inspections-compliance-enforcement-and-criminal-investigations/warning-letters/strides-pharma-science-limited-576722-07012019 1/5

    WARNING LETTER

    Strides Pharma Science Limited
    MARCS-CMS 576722 — JULY 01, 2019

    Delivery Method:

    UPS

    Product:

    Drugs

    UPS Warning Letter 320-19-28

    Return Receipt Requested

    July 01, 2019

    Mr. Arun Kumar

    Chief Executive Officer/Managing Director

    Recipient:

    Mr. Arun Kumar

    Chief Executive O�cer/Managing Director

    Strides Pharma Science Limited

    Strides House, Bilekahalli
    Bannerghatta Road
    Bangalore 560076
    India

    Issuing O�ce:

    Center for Drug Evaluation and Research

    10903 New Hampshire Avenue
    Silver Spring, MD 20993
    United States

    1/12/2020 Strides Pharma Science Limited – 576722 – 07/01/2019 | FDA

    https://www.fda.gov/inspections-compliance-enforcement-and-criminal-investigations/warning-letters/strides-pharma-science-limited-576722-07012019 2/5

    Strides Pharma Science Limited

    Strides House, Bilekahalli

    Bannerghatta Road

    Bangalore 560076

    India

    Dear Mr. Kumar:

    The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) inspected your drug manufacturing facility, Strides Pharma Science
    Limited at Unit-II, R. S. No.: 32, 33 & 34 PIMS Road Periyakalapet, Puducherry, from January 28 to February 5, 2019.

    This warning letter summarizes significant violations of current good manufacturing practice (CGMP) regulations for
    finished pharmaceuticals. See 21 CFR, parts 210 and 211.

    Because your methods, facilities, or controls for manufacturing, processing, packing, or holding do not conform to
    CGMP, your drug products are adulterated within the meaning of section 501(a)(2)(B) of the Federal Food, Drug, and
    Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act), 21 U.S.C. 351(a)(2)(B).

    We reviewed your February 26, 2019, response in detail and acknowledge receipt of your subsequent correspondence.

    During our inspection, our investigators observed specific violations including, but not limited to, the following.

    1. Your firm failed to establish an adequate quality control unit with the responsibility and authority to approve
    or reject all components, drug product containers, closures, in-process materials, packaging materials, labeling,
    and drug products (21 CFR 211.22(a)).

    Your quality unit (QU) lacks appropriate responsibility and control over your drug manufacturing operations.
    During the inspection, our investigator observed discarded CGMP documents and evidence of uncontrolled shredding of
    documents. For example, multiple bags of uncontrolled CGMP documents with color coding indicating they were from
    drug production, quality, and laboratory operations were awaiting shredding. Our investigator also found a blue binder
    containing CGMP records, including batch records for U.S. drug products, discarded with other records in a 55-gallon
    drum in your scrap yard. CGMP documents in the binder were dated as recently as January 21, 2019: seven days before
    our inspection. Your QU did not review or check these documents prior to disposal.
    Your QU is responsible for the oversight of your drug manufacturing operations, including the review and approval of
    documents and document controls, to ensure a complete contemporaneous record of each batch of drug product
    manufactured. That record is retained for CGMP purposes including annual review. In addition, your QU is responsible
    for ensuring your production areas are adequately monitored and that employees understand your firm’s procedures and
    their assigned tasks.
    The uncontrolled destruction of CGMP records, and your lack of adequate documentation practices, raise questions about
    the effectiveness of your QU and the integrity and accuracy of your CGMP records.
    In your response you state the binder of CGMP documents in your scrap yard was “inadvertently come [sic] to scrap
    yard” and that you were investigating the issue. You also committed to using bound log books and restricting printing to
    reduce uncontrolled documents. In addition, you committed to strengthen your training program to include instructor-led
    classes geared towards good documentation practices.

    1/12/2020 Strides Pharma Science Limited – 576722 – 07/01/2019 | FDA

    https://www.fda.gov/inspections-compliance-enforcement-and-criminal-investigations/warning-letters/strides-pharma-science-limited-576722-07012019 3/5

    Your response is inadequate because, while you acknowledge the binder of CGMP records in your scrap yard, you did not
    assess other documents found in the scrapyard, nor did you assess how poor documentation practices affected distributed
    drug product or how you would strengthen your QU oversight.
    Your firm’s quality systems are inadequate. See FDA’s guidance document Quality Systems Approach to Pharmaceutical
    CGMP Regulations for help implementing quality systems and risk management approaches to meet the requirements of
    CGMP regulations 21 CFR, parts 210 and 211 at https://www.fda.gov/media/71023/download
    (h�ps://www.fda.gov/media/71023/download%0d)

    2. Your firm failed to thoroughly investigate any unexplained discrepancy or failure of a batch or any of its
    components to meet any of its specifications, whether or not the batch has already been distributed (21 CFR
    211.192).

    Your firm’s investigations of out-of-specification (OOS) results were closed without adequate scientific justification.
    For example, you opened an OOS investigation for (b)(4) USP active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) for an unknown
    impurity which exceeded your specification. Your investigation identified an “old reagent” as a root cause, despite your
    inability to reproduce the unknown impurity. You subsequently retested a new sample with fresh reagents and used the
    passing results to release the API for use in producing your (b)(4) USP drug product. You did not evaluate the original
    failing API sample. Your root cause determination and investigation were not scientifically justified.
    In your response you acknowledged that the original sample should have been tested as part of your investigation to
    determine a root cause and that the final root cause was not definitively concluded. You analyzed reserve samples for the
    lots of drug product manufactured with the API and found them to meet specifications. You also provided a retrospective
    review for all of your previous “invalidated” OOS results for products manufactured between January 2017 and March
    2019.
    Your response is inadequate. You failed to include the data that supports your reserve sample testing for batches
    manufactured containing the lot of API identified in your OOS investigation. In addition, you identified nine additional
    OOS investigations in which your root cause determination and investigation were not scientifically justified. You did not
    extend your investigation to include any associated reserve samples of batches that may have been manufactured using
    OOS materials.
    In response to this letter:

    For any OOS results with inconclusive or no root cause identified in the laboratory, include a thorough
    review of production (e.g., batch manufacturing records, adequacy of the manufacturing steps, raw
    materials, process capability, deviation history, batch failure history). Provide a corrective action and
    preventive action (CAPA) plan that identifies root causes and specifies meaningful improvements.

    Provide all reserve sample testing results. Include all analytical data for the API and drug product batches,
    including any batches manufactured using API with associated OOS results with inconclusive or no root
    cause.

    For more information about proper handling of OOS results and documenting your investigations, refer to the FDA
    guidance for industry Investigating OOS Test Results for Pharmaceutical Production at

    https://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Guidances/UCM070287.pdf
    (h�ps://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInforma�on/Guidances/UCM070287.pdf)

    Data Integrity Remediation

    [https://www.fda.gov/media/71023/download%0d](https://www.fda.gov/media/71023/download%0d)

    [https://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Guidances/UCM070287.pdf](https://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Guidances/UCM070287.pdf)

    1/12/2020 Strides Pharma Science Limited – 576722 – 07/01/2019 | FDA

    https://www.fda.gov/inspections-compliance-enforcement-and-criminal-investigations/warning-letters/strides-pharma-science-limited-576722-07012019 4/5

    Your quality system does not adequately ensure the accuracy and integrity of data to support the safety, effectiveness, and
    quality of the drugs you manufacture. See FDA’s guidance document Data Integrity and Compliance With Drug CGMP
    for guidance on establishing and following CGMP-compliant data integrity practices
    at https://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Guidances/UCM495891.pdf
    (h�ps://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInforma�on/Guidances/UCM495891.pdf)

    We strongly recommend that you retain a qualified consultant to assist in your remediation.

    In response to this letter, provide the following:

    A. An assessment of the extent of data integrity deficiencies at your facility. Identify omissions, alterations, deletions,
    record destruction, non-contemporaneous record completion, and other deficiencies. Describe all parts of your
    facility’s operations in which you discovered data integrity lapses.

    B. A current risk assessment of the potential effects of the observed failures on the quality of your drugs. Your
    assessment should include analyses of the risks to patients caused by the release of drugs affected by a lapse of data
    integrity and analyses of the risks posed by ongoing operations.

    C. A management strategy for your firm that includes the details of your global corrective action and preventive action
    plan. The detailed corrective action plan should describe how you intend to ensure the reliability and completeness
    of all data generated by your firm, including microbiological and analytical data, manufacturing records, and all
    data submitted to FDA.

    Conclusion
    Violations cited in this letter are not intended as an all-inclusive list. You are responsible for investigating these
    violations, for determining the causes, for preventing their recurrence, and for preventing other violations in all your
    facilities.
    If you are considering an action that is likely to lead to a disruption in the supply of drugs produced at your facility, FDA
    requests that you contact CDER’s Drug Shortages Staff immediately, at drugshortages@fda.hhs.gov, so that FDA can
    work with you on the most effective way to bring your operations into compliance with the law. Contacting the Drug
    Shortages Staff also allows you to meet any obligations you may have to report discontinuances or interruptions in your
    drug manufacture under 21 U.S.C. 356C(b) and allows FDA to consider, as soon as possible, what actions, if any, may be
    needed to avoid shortages and protect the health of patients who depend on your products.
    Until you correct all violations completely and we confirm your compliance with CGMP, FDA may withhold approval of
    any new applications or supplements listing your firm as a drug manufacturer.
    Failure to correct these violations may also result in FDA refusing admission of articles manufactured at Strides Pharma
    Science Limited, FEI 3012448465, at Unit-II, R. S. No.: 32, 33 & 34 PIMS Road Periyakalapet, Puducherry into the
    United States under section 801(a)(3) of the FD&C Act, 21 U.S.C. 381(a)(3). Under the same authority, articles may be
    subject to refusal of admission, in that the methods and controls used in their manufacture do not appear to conform to
    CGMP within the meaning of section 501(a)(2)(B) of the FD&C Act, 21 U.S.C. 351(a)(2)(B).
    After you receive this letter, respond to this office in writing within 15 working days. Specify what you have done since
    our inspection to correct your violations and to prevent their recurrence. If you cannot complete corrective actions within
    15 working days, state your reasons for delay and your schedule for completion.
    Send your electronic reply to CDER-OC-OMQ-Communications@fda.hhs.gov (mailto:CDER-OC-OMQ-

    Communica�ons@fda.hhs.gov) or mail your reply to:

    Carla Norris

    Compliance Officer

    [https://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Guidances/UCM495891.pdf](https://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Guidances/UCM495891.pdf)

    [mailto:CDER-OC-OMQ-Communications@fda.hhs.gov](mailto:CDER-OC-OMQ-Communications@fda.hhs.gov)

    1/12/2020 Strides Pharma Science Limited – 576722 – 07/01/2019 | FDA

    https://www.fda.gov/inspections-compliance-enforcement-and-criminal-investigations/warning-letters/strides-pharma-science-limited-576722-07012019 5/5

    U.S. Food and Drug Administration

    White Oak Building 51, Room 4359

    10903 New Hampshire Avenue

    Silver Spring, MD 20993

    USA

    Please identify your response with FEI 3012448465.

    Sincerely,

    /S/

    Francis Godwin

    Director

    Office of Manufacturing Quality

    Office of Compliance

    Center for Drug Evaluation and Research

    cc:
    Mr. Umesh Kale
    President & Chief Quality Officer

    Strides Pharma Science Limited

    Strides House, Bilekahalli

    Bannerghatta Road

    Bangalore 560076

    India

     More Warning Letters (/inspections-compliance-enforcement-and-criminal-investigations/compliance-actions-and-activities/warning-letters)

    [https://www.fda.gov/inspections-compliance-enforcement-and-criminal-investigations/compliance-actions-and-activities/warning-letters](https://www.fda.gov/inspections-compliance-enforcement-and-criminal-investigations/compliance-actions-and-activities/warning-letters)

    **GRLR-HomeworkAssignment2-supportingdocument-2022FDAOutofSpecificationguidance.pdf**

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