Category: Nursing

  • [Solved] lorem

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    Executive Solution Overview

    This assignment addresses the following objectives: – Analyze elements and boundaries of nursing roles: Nurse’s role in leadership, education, research, healthcare improvement, collaboration, and advanced practice. – Integrate knowledge and skills in nursing leadership and management, healthcare imp…

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    Assignment Prompt & Instructions

    This assignment addresses the following objectives:

    – Analyze elements and boundaries of nursing roles: Nurse’s role in leadership, education, research, healthcare improvement, collaboration, and advanced practice.
    – Integrate knowledge and skills in nursing leadership and management, healthcare improvement, and patient safety, as required to provide care and education in various settings.

    This week you will create a Powerpoint presentation (with speaker notes for each slide) presenting an overview of nursing leadership and the importance of excellence and innovation in advanced nursing practice. Evidence-based knowledge and skills in nursing leadership will be included to address patient safety, healthcare improvement, and leading interprofessional collaborative teams.

    **Instructions:**

    Create a PowerPoint (with speaker notes) to include a minimum of the following 7 slides:

    – **Slide 1:** Title slide with title of presentation, name of university, name of course, student name, and date of submission
    – **Slide 2:** Overview and importance of nursing leadership in relation to excellence and innovation
    – **Slide 3-5:** Include one slide on how innovation and excellence in leadership are important to: 1) patient safety 2) healthcare improvement and 3) leading interprofessional collaborative teams; For Slide 3-5, please include one specific example from either nursing leadership, education, research, OR practice for each slide.
    – **Slide 6:** Conclusion (summary and/or takeaway point)
    – **Slide 7:** Reference slide in correct APA format (7th edition)

    **Slide Specifications:**

    – Use bullet points to convey main points
    – Include appropriate citations on slides
    – Consider including professional images on your slides
    – Provide Speaker Notes in the notes section (under each slide) to convey your content
    – Include a Reference Slide with a minimum of *4 scholarly, peer reviewed references within the last 5 years*

    **General Information:**

    PowerPoint presentations should have a limited number of bullet points (aim for 6 or less) which convey the main points of the slides. Remember to cite professional images on your slide if used. It is usually helpful if you start with the speaker notes section and then pull out the main points you wish to bullet on your slide.

    – 2 years ago

  • [Solved] Create a reply for a discussion using APA 7 format, and scholarly references no older than 5 years

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    Executive Solution Overview

    **Evaluating Alterations of Hormonal Regulation** **Introduction** Hormonal regulation is essential for maintaining homeostasis, supporting growth, and managing various physiological processes. However, disruptions in this regulation, such as hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus, or adrenal insufficien…

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    Assignment Prompt & Instructions

    **Evaluating Alterations of Hormonal Regulation**

    **Introduction**

    Hormonal regulation is essential for maintaining homeostasis, supporting growth, and managing various physiological processes. However, disruptions in this regulation, such as hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus, or adrenal insufficiency, can profoundly affect health. Understanding these alterations enables healthcare providers to assess, diagnose, and treat conditions effectively. This discussion will explore the causes, effects, and management of hormonal disruptions, focusing on the role of nurses in identifying and addressing these challenges.

    **Understanding Hormonal Regulation**

    The endocrine system uses hormones to communicate and regulate bodily functions, including metabolism, reproduction, and stress responses. Disruptions can occur due to gland dysfunction, autoimmune diseases, or external factors like stress or medications (Melmed et al., 2020). For example, hypothyroidism results from insufficient thyroid hormone production, causing fatigue, weight gain, and depression. Early recognition of symptoms and appropriate treatment can prevent complications. Nurses must be vigilant in assessing subtle signs of hormonal imbalances, as they often present as nonspecific symptoms.

    **Causes of Hormonal Dysregulation**

    Various factors contribute to hormonal dysregulation, including genetic predispositions, lifestyle choices, and environmental exposures. For instance, obesity significantly impacts insulin sensitivity, leading to type 2 diabetes mellitus (ADA, 2021). Additionally, prolonged stress elevates cortisol levels, potentially causing conditions like Cushing's syndrome. Nurses play a critical role in educating patients about lifestyle changes that mitigate risks, such as balanced diets, regular exercise, and stress management techniques.

    **Impacts of Hormonal Dysregulation**

    Alterations in hormonal regulation can have widespread effects on physical and mental health. For instance, hyperthyroidism can lead to anxiety, palpitations, and osteoporosis if untreated. Similarly, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) not only affects fertility but also increases the risk of metabolic syndrome (Melmed et al., 2020). Nurses must adopt a holistic approach when addressing these conditions, considering the physical, emotional, and social implications of the disorder on the patient.

    **Nursing Interventions and Management**

    Effective management of hormonal disorders requires a multidisciplinary approach. Nurses must prioritize patient education, medication adherence, and monitoring for complications. For example, patients with diabetes require ongoing support for blood glucose management, including dietary guidance and insulin therapy. Additionally, nurses should advocate for regular screenings, such as thyroid function tests for at-risk populations. This proactive approach helps in early detection and improves patient outcomes.

    **Conclusion**

    Hormonal regulation plays a vital role in maintaining overall health, and disruptions can lead to significant complications. By understanding the causes, impacts, and management strategies for hormonal dysregulation, nurses can provide comprehensive care tailored to individual needs. Educating patients about prevention and lifestyle modifications further empowers them to manage their conditions effectively. Through vigilant assessment and patient-centered interventions, nurses can significantly improve the quality of life for individuals affected by hormonal imbalances.

    **References**

    American Diabetes Association (ADA). (2021). _Standards of medical care in diabetes—2021_. Diabetes Care, 44(Supplement 1), S1-S232. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc21-S002

    Melmed, S., Polonsky, K. S., Larsen, P. R., & Kronenberg, H. M. (2020). _Williams textbook of endocrinology_ (14th ed.). Elsevier.

    – 2 years ago

  • [Solved] Soap Note

    ✓ Verified Academic Solution Available

    Executive Solution Overview

    References and please verify with Rubric – 2 years ago **files (2)** – ## MSNSoapNoteRubricElsaPreceptor.pdf – ## SoapNoteConstipatiion..docx **## MSNSoapNoteRubricElsaPreceptor.pdf** SOAP NOTE RUBRIC Criteria Points Competent Need Improvement Not Acceptable Score Subjective (35 points) Provides com…

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    Assignment Prompt & Instructions

    References and please verify with Rubric

    – 2 years ago

    **files (2)**

    – ## MSNSoapNoteRubricElsaPreceptor.pdf

    – ## SoapNoteConstipatiion..docx

    **## MSNSoapNoteRubricElsaPreceptor.pdf**

    SOAP NOTE RUBRIC

    Criteria Points Competent Need Improvement Not Acceptable

    Score

    Subjective (35 points) Provides
    complete, concise,
    and accurate
    information,
    which is well
    organized and
    easy to
    understand.

    Provides most of the
    pertinent
    information, but is
    not well organized
    and/or is slightly
    challenging to
    understand. May be
    missing pertinent
    negative information
    (e.g., patient
    denies…).

    Limited or no
    summary of
    pertinent
    information, is
    organized
    poorly, contains
    inaccurate
    information,
    and/or is
    difficult to
    understand.

    Chief complaint 5 5 3 1
    HPI 10 10 8 6
    Relevant PMH & FH 5 5 3 1
    ROS 10 10 8 6
    Currents: Allergies,
    Meds/OTCs, Tobacco,
    Immunizations, Diet, Exercise,
    Sleep

    5 5 3 1

    Objective (40 points) Provides
    complete, concise,
    and accurate
    information,
    which is well
    organized and
    easy to
    understand.

    Provides most of the
    pertinent
    information, but is
    not well organized
    and/or is slightly
    challenging to
    understand. May be
    missing pertinent
    negative information
    (e.g., patient denies)

    Limited or no
    summary of
    pertinent
    information, is
    organized
    poorly, contains
    inaccurate
    information,
    and/or is
    difficult to
    understand.

    General survey (Describe the
    state of the patient at the time
    of the examination)

    10 10 8 6

    Vital signs
    Height, Weight, BMI

    10 10 8 6

    Physical exam-systematic,
    organized and thorough and
    related to the reason of the visit

    20 20 18 16

    Diagnosis/ Differentials
    Diagnosis (10 points)

    Main diagnosis/
    Differentials
    Diagnosis is
    supported by the
    objective and
    subjective
    assessment and
    rationale for
    choosing the

    Main diagnosis/
    Differentials
    Diagnosis is
    supported by the
    objective and
    subjective assessment
    but the rationale for
    choosing the
    diagnosis is not

    Main diagnosis/
    Differentials
    Diagnosis is not
    supported by
    the objective
    and subjective
    assessment and
    the rationale for
    choosing the

    SOAP NOTE RUBRIC

    diagnosis is
    supported by the
    evidence

    supported by the
    evidence

    diagnosis is not
    supported by
    the evidence

    Diagnosis/(Assessment) 5 5 3 1
    List of differentials supported
    by S+O findings (5 points)
    Must provide 3 differential
    diagnoses with one citation
    for each diagnosis.

    5 5 3 1

    Plan of care (10 Points) Complete and
    appropriate plan
    for the main
    problem and
    other active
    problems.
    Includes
    pharmacologic
    and/or non-
    pharmacologic
    and/or complete
    sig components.

    Mostly complete and
    appropriate plan for
    the main problem
    and other active
    problems. May be
    missing appropriate
    non-pharmacologic
    treatments and/or sig
    components.

    Missing or
    inappropriate
    treatment plan
    for the main
    problem and
    other active
    problems.

    Diagnostic
    tests/therapies/medications

    5 5 3 1

    Follow-up/Pt. Education and
    Health Promotion

    5 5 3 1

    References (5 Points) Provides a
    complete and
    appropriate list of
    references that
    are in APA
    format.

    References listed are
    appropriate (i.e.
    guidelines or
    primary), but not
    complete and some
    may be missing. Not
    APA formatted.

    References
    missing or very
    limited.
    References
    listed are
    inappropriate
    (i.e. tertiary)
    and/or not
    relevant.

    References 5 5 3 1
    Total 100

    Comment:

    **## SoapNoteConstipatiion..docx**

    | | | |
    | — | — | — |
    | **Patient Initials: RH** | **Pt. Encounter Number: 2-5** |
    | **Date: 1/15/2025** | **Age: 81 y.o** | **Sex: Male** |
    | **Allergies: NKA Advanced Directives: On File** |
    | **SUBJECTIVE** |
    | **CC:**<br>_“I have abdominal pain and bloating, my abdomen feels tight, and I haven’t had a bowel movements for 7 days. I feels nauseous and I have vomited.”_ |
    | **HPI:** 81 y/o Male with Hx of HTN, achalasia, dementia and chronic constipation. Patient presents with constipation with colonic dilation and cecal pneumatosis. Reports bloating and abdominal discomfort. No significant rectal bleeding or weight loss. On 1/14 RRT called due to hypotension and concerns for evolving sepsis. <br> <br>**_Onset:_** 7 days ago <br> <br>**_Location:_** 4 ABD Quadrants <br> <br>**_Duration:_** Continuous<br> <br>**_Characteristics:_** Burning, Sharp Pain<br> <br>**_Aggravating Factors:_** Eating. Laying Flat <br> <br>**_Relieving Factors:_** Eating small, simple seasoning meals. Antacids. <br> <br>**_Treatment:_** CT ABD Scan STAT ordered, Surgical team on board, labs CBC, BMP, Aptt, PT/INR, blood cx. Close monitoring in ICU. |
    | **Current Medications:**<br>Insulin, Pulmicort, Donepezil, Memantine, Trazadone, Labetalol, Pantoprazole, TPN, Lipids. |
    | **PMH:**<br>HTN, Achalasia Dementia, Chronic- constipation<br>**Medication Intolerances: None**<br>**Chronic Illnesses/Major traumas:** HTN, IDDM, Dementia, Constipation<br> <br>**Screening Hx/Immunizations Hx:** Up to Date, Influenza and Pneumococcal. <br> <br>**Hospitalizations/Surgeries:**<br>1/9 s/p initial Exploratory Laparotomy, decompression of colon, loop transverse colostomy, and placement of gastrostomy tube. |
    | **Family History:**<br>Father-61 years old died from Pneumonia. <br>Mother-76 years old died from Asthma and HTN. |
    | **Social History:**<br>_Patient comes from nursing home. Denies Tabacco, alcohol or drug use in the past. Ambulatory assist, requires a walker. Fall precautions in place._ |
    | **ROS** |
    | **General**<br>AAOx2, appears in discomfort, multimodal pain control due to distention and bloating. | **Cardiovascular**<br>· Hemodynamic monitoring and management. <br>· Titrate pressors to maintain MAP >65.<br>· Levophed at 4 mcg, wean as tolerated.<br>· Will place Arterial Line for invasive BP monitoring. |
    | **Skin**<br>Pale, Cold and Dry. | **Respiratory**<br>· Pt continues Ertapenem for resistant Klebsiella PNA in blood<br>· Maintain SpO2 >92 %.<br>· Continue pulmonary toilet<br>· Encourage use of I/S |
    | **Eyes**<br>Denies visual loss, blurred vision, or double vision. Denies history of cataracts or glaucoma. Uses glasses. | **Gastrointestinal**<br>· NPO Status<br>· Continue TPN, Lipids<br>· Gi Px: Protonix<br>· Continue ostomy care, monitor output<br>· General Surgery Following. |
    | **Ears**<br>History of otitis externa. Denies recent infections, ear pain, or tinnitus. Hard of hearing. | **Genitourinary/Gynecological**<br>No acute issues: Denies urinary urgency, frequency, dysuria, odorous urine, suprapubic pain.<br>· Continue monitoring of renal function, I/O, and electrolytes. Replace PRN. |

    | | | |
    | — | — | — |
    | | |
    | **Nose/Mouth/Throat**<br>Denies nasal pain, drainage, congestion, or other sinus issues. Denies throat pain or swelling. | **Musculoskeletal**<br>ROM limited. Denies muscle pain. <br>· PT/OT ordered<br>· OOB to Chair |
    | **Breast**<br>Denies discharge, tenderness. No palpable mass during exam. | **Neurological**<br>Awake and Alert. Hx of dementia. Continue Donepezil, Memantine, Trazadone. |
    | **Heme/Lymph/Endo**<br>· Insulin sliding Scale- for Blood Glucose <180<br>· Afebrile, leukocytosis<br>· Pt continues Ertapenem for resistant Klebsiella PNA in blood.<br>· ID Following | **Psychiatric**<br>Calm and cooperative. |
    | **OBJECTIVE** |
    | **Weight 133 lbs BMI 22.86** | **Temp 96.1** | **BP 108/54** |
    | **Height 5’4”** | **Pulse 84** | **Resp 17** |
    | **PHYSICAL EXAMINATION** |
    | **General Appearance**<br>Patient with normal appearance. Currently sleeping, easy to arouse. Weakness, fatigue, weight loss. No distress noted. Denies pain or discomfort at the moment. |
    | **Skin**<br>Skin is intact, warm, dry, and adequate color. Normal skin turgor. Capillary refills < 3 seconds. |
    | **HEENT**<br>Head in normocephalic/atraumatic. Visual field full by confrontation. Conjunctiva pink, sclera white. Pupils 3 mm equally, round react to light and accommodation. EOM intact. No nose discharged noted. Fontal sinuses non-tender to palpation. No bleeding gum noted. Buccal mucosa dry, pink, and intact. Uvula midline, no exudate noted. No JVD noted. |
    | **Cardiovascular**<br>Currently NSR. No murmurs noted upon auscultation. Denies Chest Pain. |
    | **Respiratory**<br>Clear to auscultation bilaterally. Saturation 99-100 % on NC 4 L. |
    | **Gastrointestinal**<br>Abdomen hard, rounded, distended, tender to palpation, hypoactive bowel sounds noted. Right abdominal colostomy w/ stool output and pink stoma. PGJ tube in place. Midline incision with staples noted, open to air, no drainage. |
    | **Breast**<br>No lumps noted on palpation. Symmetrical. |
    | **Genitourinary**<br>No inguinal Hernias or CVA tenderness. Urine clear and yellow. Monitor I/O. |
    | **Musculoskeletal**<br>Pain with ambulation. Weaknesses. Limited ROM. No cyanosis or pedal edema. |
    | **Neurological**<br>AAOx2, self and place, partially to situation, disoriented to time. Speech clear, forgetful. Following commands. Able to move all extremities equally. Weakness BL upper and Lower extremities. Denies headache or dizziness. |
    | **Psychiatric**<br>Patient with noted depression and light anxiety. |
    | **Lab Tests:** CBC, BMP, Aptt, PT/INR, blood cx |

    | |
    | — |
    | |
    | **Special Tests:** Surgical Consult, CT ABD w/o contrast, Xray-ABD (KUB) |
    | **Diagnosis** |
    | · Primary Diagnosis- <br> Constipation, Achalasia.<br>o Differential Diagnoses<br>**:** Colon perforation, Acute colonic Pseudo Obstruction, Ischemic Colitis. Sepsis.<br> <br>o<br>**Plan:**<br> CT ABD w/o Contrast STAT, Chest Xray, Labs including Blood cultures<br> Medication: Continue Invanz, Levophed<br> Education: NPO status, Incentive Spirometer use.<br> Will place A-Line for invasive BP monitoring, Strict I/O<br>· Referrals: Surgical Consult on board, ID Following. PT/OT<br> Follow-up for new cultures and CT scan STAT and general surgery recommendations. |
    | **References** |

    SOAP NOTE

    **## SoapNoteConstipatiion..docx**

    | | | |
    | — | — | — |
    | **Patient Initials: RH** | **Pt. Encounter Number: 2-5** |
    | **Date: 1/15/2025** | **Age: 81 y.o** | **Sex: Male** |
    | **Allergies: NKA Advanced Directives: On File** |
    | **SUBJECTIVE** |
    | **CC:**<br>_“I have abdominal pain and bloating, my abdomen feels tight, and I haven’t had a bowel movements for 7 days. I feels nauseous and I have vomited.”_ |
    | **HPI:** 81 y/o Male with Hx of HTN, achalasia, dementia and chronic constipation. Patient presents with constipation with colonic dilation and cecal pneumatosis. Reports bloating and abdominal discomfort. No significant rectal bleeding or weight loss. On 1/14 RRT called due to hypotension and concerns for evolving sepsis. <br> <br>**_Onset:_** 7 days ago <br> <br>**_Location:_** 4 ABD Quadrants <br> <br>**_Duration:_** Continuous<br> <br>**_Characteristics:_** Burning, Sharp Pain<br> <br>**_Aggravating Factors:_** Eating. Laying Flat <br> <br>**_Relieving Factors:_** Eating small, simple seasoning meals. Antacids. <br> <br>**_Treatment:_** CT ABD Scan STAT ordered, Surgical team on board, labs CBC, BMP, Aptt, PT/INR, blood cx. Close monitoring in ICU. |
    | **Current Medications:**<br>Insulin, Pulmicort, Donepezil, Memantine, Trazadone, Labetalol, Pantoprazole, TPN, Lipids. |
    | **PMH:**<br>HTN, Achalasia Dementia, Chronic- constipation<br>**Medication Intolerances: None**<br>**Chronic Illnesses/Major traumas:** HTN, IDDM, Dementia, Constipation<br> <br>**Screening Hx/Immunizations Hx:** Up to Date, Influenza and Pneumococcal. <br> <br>**Hospitalizations/Surgeries:**<br>1/9 s/p initial Exploratory Laparotomy, decompression of colon, loop transverse colostomy, and placement of gastrostomy tube. |
    | **Family History:**<br>Father-61 years old died from Pneumonia. <br>Mother-76 years old died from Asthma and HTN. |
    | **Social History:**<br>_Patient comes from nursing home. Denies Tabacco, alcohol or drug use in the past. Ambulatory assist, requires a walker. Fall precautions in place._ |
    | **ROS** |
    | **General**<br>AAOx2, appears in discomfort, multimodal pain control due to distention and bloating. | **Cardiovascular**<br>· Hemodynamic monitoring and management. <br>· Titrate pressors to maintain MAP >65.<br>· Levophed at 4 mcg, wean as tolerated.<br>· Will place Arterial Line for invasive BP monitoring. |
    | **Skin**<br>Pale, Cold and Dry. | **Respiratory**<br>· Pt continues Ertapenem for resistant Klebsiella PNA in blood<br>· Maintain SpO2 >92 %.<br>· Continue pulmonary toilet<br>· Encourage use of I/S |
    | **Eyes**<br>Denies visual loss, blurred vision, or double vision. Denies history of cataracts or glaucoma. Uses glasses. | **Gastrointestinal**<br>· NPO Status<br>· Continue TPN, Lipids<br>· Gi Px: Protonix<br>· Continue ostomy care, monitor output<br>· General Surgery Following. |
    | **Ears**<br>History of otitis externa. Denies recent infections, ear pain, or tinnitus. Hard of hearing. | **Genitourinary/Gynecological**<br>No acute issues: Denies urinary urgency, frequency, dysuria, odorous urine, suprapubic pain.<br>· Continue monitoring of renal function, I/O, and electrolytes. Replace PRN. |

    | | | |
    | — | — | — |
    | | |
    | **Nose/Mouth/Throat**<br>Denies nasal pain, drainage, congestion, or other sinus issues. Denies throat pain or swelling. | **Musculoskeletal**<br>ROM limited. Denies muscle pain. <br>· PT/OT ordered<br>· OOB to Chair |
    | **Breast**<br>Denies discharge, tenderness. No palpable mass during exam. | **Neurological**<br>Awake and Alert. Hx of dementia. Continue Donepezil, Memantine, Trazadone. |
    | **Heme/Lymph/Endo**<br>· Insulin sliding Scale- for Blood Glucose <180<br>· Afebrile, leukocytosis<br>· Pt continues Ertapenem for resistant Klebsiella PNA in blood.<br>· ID Following | **Psychiatric**<br>Calm and cooperative. |
    | **OBJECTIVE** |
    | **Weight 133 lbs BMI 22.86** | **Temp 96.1** | **BP 108/54** |
    | **Height 5’4”** | **Pulse 84** | **Resp 17** |
    | **PHYSICAL EXAMINATION** |
    | **General Appearance**<br>Patient with normal appearance. Currently sleeping, easy to arouse. Weakness, fatigue, weight loss. No distress noted. Denies pain or discomfort at the moment. |
    | **Skin**<br>Skin is intact, warm, dry, and adequate color. Normal skin turgor. Capillary refills < 3 seconds. |
    | **HEENT**<br>Head in normocephalic/atraumatic. Visual field full by confrontation. Conjunctiva pink, sclera white. Pupils 3 mm equally, round react to light and accommodation. EOM intact. No nose discharged noted. Fontal sinuses non-tender to palpation. No bleeding gum noted. Buccal mucosa dry, pink, and intact. Uvula midline, no exudate noted. No JVD noted. |
    | **Cardiovascular**<br>Currently NSR. No murmurs noted upon auscultation. Denies Chest Pain. |
    | **Respiratory**<br>Clear to auscultation bilaterally. Saturation 99-100 % on NC 4 L. |
    | **Gastrointestinal**<br>Abdomen hard, rounded, distended, tender to palpation, hypoactive bowel sounds noted. Right abdominal colostomy w/ stool output and pink stoma. PGJ tube in place. Midline incision with staples noted, open to air, no drainage. |
    | **Breast**<br>No lumps noted on palpation. Symmetrical. |
    | **Genitourinary**<br>No inguinal Hernias or CVA tenderness. Urine clear and yellow. Monitor I/O. |
    | **Musculoskeletal**<br>Pain with ambulation. Weaknesses. Limited ROM. No cyanosis or pedal edema. |
    | **Neurological**<br>AAOx2, self and place, partially to situation, disoriented to time. Speech clear, forgetful. Following commands. Able to move all extremities equally. Weakness BL upper and Lower extremities. Denies headache or dizziness. |
    | **Psychiatric**<br>Patient with noted depression and light anxiety. |
    | **Lab Tests:** CBC, BMP, Aptt, PT/INR, blood cx |

    | |
    | — |
    | |
    | **Special Tests:** Surgical Consult, CT ABD w/o contrast, Xray-ABD (KUB) |
    | **Diagnosis** |
    | · Primary Diagnosis- <br> Constipation, Achalasia.<br>o Differential Diagnoses<br>**:** Colon perforation, Acute colonic Pseudo Obstruction, Ischemic Colitis. Sepsis.<br> <br>o<br>**Plan:**<br> CT ABD w/o Contrast STAT, Chest Xray, Labs including Blood cultures<br> Medication: Continue Invanz, Levophed<br> Education: NPO status, Incentive Spirometer use.<br> Will place A-Line for invasive BP monitoring, Strict I/O<br>· Referrals: Surgical Consult on board, ID Following. PT/OT<br> Follow-up for new cultures and CT scan STAT and general surgery recommendations. |
    | **References** |

    SOAP NOTE

    **## MSNSoapNoteRubricElsaPreceptor.pdf**

    SOAP NOTE RUBRIC

    Criteria Points Competent Need Improvement Not Acceptable

    Score

    Subjective (35 points) Provides
    complete, concise,
    and accurate
    information,
    which is well
    organized and
    easy to
    understand.

    Provides most of the
    pertinent
    information, but is
    not well organized
    and/or is slightly
    challenging to
    understand. May be
    missing pertinent
    negative information
    (e.g., patient
    denies…).

    Limited or no
    summary of
    pertinent
    information, is
    organized
    poorly, contains
    inaccurate
    information,
    and/or is
    difficult to
    understand.

    Chief complaint 5 5 3 1
    HPI 10 10 8 6
    Relevant PMH & FH 5 5 3 1
    ROS 10 10 8 6
    Currents: Allergies,
    Meds/OTCs, Tobacco,
    Immunizations, Diet, Exercise,
    Sleep

    5 5 3 1

    Objective (40 points) Provides
    complete, concise,
    and accurate
    information,
    which is well
    organized and
    easy to
    understand.

    Provides most of the
    pertinent
    information, but is
    not well organized
    and/or is slightly
    challenging to
    understand. May be
    missing pertinent
    negative information
    (e.g., patient denies)

    Limited or no
    summary of
    pertinent
    information, is
    organized
    poorly, contains
    inaccurate
    information,
    and/or is
    difficult to
    understand.

    General survey (Describe the
    state of the patient at the time
    of the examination)

    10 10 8 6

    Vital signs
    Height, Weight, BMI

    10 10 8 6

    Physical exam-systematic,
    organized and thorough and
    related to the reason of the visit

    20 20 18 16

    Diagnosis/ Differentials
    Diagnosis (10 points)

    Main diagnosis/
    Differentials
    Diagnosis is
    supported by the
    objective and
    subjective
    assessment and
    rationale for
    choosing the

    Main diagnosis/
    Differentials
    Diagnosis is
    supported by the
    objective and
    subjective assessment
    but the rationale for
    choosing the
    diagnosis is not

    Main diagnosis/
    Differentials
    Diagnosis is not
    supported by
    the objective
    and subjective
    assessment and
    the rationale for
    choosing the

    SOAP NOTE RUBRIC

    diagnosis is
    supported by the
    evidence

    supported by the
    evidence

    diagnosis is not
    supported by
    the evidence

    Diagnosis/(Assessment) 5 5 3 1
    List of differentials supported
    by S+O findings (5 points)
    Must provide 3 differential
    diagnoses with one citation
    for each diagnosis.

    5 5 3 1

    Plan of care (10 Points) Complete and
    appropriate plan
    for the main
    problem and
    other active
    problems.
    Includes
    pharmacologic
    and/or non-
    pharmacologic
    and/or complete
    sig components.

    Mostly complete and
    appropriate plan for
    the main problem
    and other active
    problems. May be
    missing appropriate
    non-pharmacologic
    treatments and/or sig
    components.

    Missing or
    inappropriate
    treatment plan
    for the main
    problem and
    other active
    problems.

    Diagnostic
    tests/therapies/medications

    5 5 3 1

    Follow-up/Pt. Education and
    Health Promotion

    5 5 3 1

    References (5 Points) Provides a
    complete and
    appropriate list of
    references that
    are in APA
    format.

    References listed are
    appropriate (i.e.
    guidelines or
    primary), but not
    complete and some
    may be missing. Not
    APA formatted.

    References
    missing or very
    limited.
    References
    listed are
    inappropriate
    (i.e. tertiary)
    and/or not
    relevant.

    References 5 5 3 1
    Total 100

    Comment:

    **## SoapNoteConstipatiion..docx**

    | | | |
    | — | — | — |
    | **Patient Initials: RH** | **Pt. Encounter Number: 2-5** |
    | **Date: 1/15/2025** | **Age: 81 y.o** | **Sex: Male** |
    | **Allergies: NKA Advanced Directives: On File** |
    | **SUBJECTIVE** |
    | **CC:**<br>_“I have abdominal pain and bloating, my abdomen feels tight, and I haven’t had a bowel movements for 7 days. I feels nauseous and I have vomited.”_ |
    | **HPI:** 81 y/o Male with Hx of HTN, achalasia, dementia and chronic constipation. Patient presents with constipation with colonic dilation and cecal pneumatosis. Reports bloating and abdominal discomfort. No significant rectal bleeding or weight loss. On 1/14 RRT called due to hypotension and concerns for evolving sepsis. <br> <br>**_Onset:_** 7 days ago <br> <br>**_Location:_** 4 ABD Quadrants <br> <br>**_Duration:_** Continuous<br> <br>**_Characteristics:_** Burning, Sharp Pain<br> <br>**_Aggravating Factors:_** Eating. Laying Flat <br> <br>**_Relieving Factors:_** Eating small, simple seasoning meals. Antacids. <br> <br>**_Treatment:_** CT ABD Scan STAT ordered, Surgical team on board, labs CBC, BMP, Aptt, PT/INR, blood cx. Close monitoring in ICU. |
    | **Current Medications:**<br>Insulin, Pulmicort, Donepezil, Memantine, Trazadone, Labetalol, Pantoprazole, TPN, Lipids. |
    | **PMH:**<br>HTN, Achalasia Dementia, Chronic- constipation<br>**Medication Intolerances: None**<br>**Chronic Illnesses/Major traumas:** HTN, IDDM, Dementia, Constipation<br> <br>**Screening Hx/Immunizations Hx:** Up to Date, Influenza and Pneumococcal. <br> <br>**Hospitalizations/Surgeries:**<br>1/9 s/p initial Exploratory Laparotomy, decompression of colon, loop transverse colostomy, and placement of gastrostomy tube. |
    | **Family History:**<br>Father-61 years old died from Pneumonia. <br>Mother-76 years old died from Asthma and HTN. |
    | **Social History:**<br>_Patient comes from nursing home. Denies Tabacco, alcohol or drug use in the past. Ambulatory assist, requires a walker. Fall precautions in place._ |
    | **ROS** |
    | **General**<br>AAOx2, appears in discomfort, multimodal pain control due to distention and bloating. | **Cardiovascular**<br>· Hemodynamic monitoring and management. <br>· Titrate pressors to maintain MAP >65.<br>· Levophed at 4 mcg, wean as tolerated.<br>· Will place Arterial Line for invasive BP monitoring. |
    | **Skin**<br>Pale, Cold and Dry. | **Respiratory**<br>· Pt continues Ertapenem for resistant Klebsiella PNA in blood<br>· Maintain SpO2 >92 %.<br>· Continue pulmonary toilet<br>· Encourage use of I/S |
    | **Eyes**<br>Denies visual loss, blurred vision, or double vision. Denies history of cataracts or glaucoma. Uses glasses. | **Gastrointestinal**<br>· NPO Status<br>· Continue TPN, Lipids<br>· Gi Px: Protonix<br>· Continue ostomy care, monitor output<br>· General Surgery Following. |
    | **Ears**<br>History of otitis externa. Denies recent infections, ear pain, or tinnitus. Hard of hearing. | **Genitourinary/Gynecological**<br>No acute issues: Denies urinary urgency, frequency, dysuria, odorous urine, suprapubic pain.<br>· Continue monitoring of renal function, I/O, and electrolytes. Replace PRN. |

    | | | |
    | — | — | — |
    | | |
    | **Nose/Mouth/Throat**<br>Denies nasal pain, drainage, congestion, or other sinus issues. Denies throat pain or swelling. | **Musculoskeletal**<br>ROM limited. Denies muscle pain. <br>· PT/OT ordered<br>· OOB to Chair |
    | **Breast**<br>Denies discharge, tenderness. No palpable mass during exam. | **Neurological**<br>Awake and Alert. Hx of dementia. Continue Donepezil, Memantine, Trazadone. |
    | **Heme/Lymph/Endo**<br>· Insulin sliding Scale- for Blood Glucose <180<br>· Afebrile, leukocytosis<br>· Pt continues Ertapenem for resistant Klebsiella PNA in blood.<br>· ID Following | **Psychiatric**<br>Calm and cooperative. |
    | **OBJECTIVE** |
    | **Weight 133 lbs BMI 22.86** | **Temp 96.1** | **BP 108/54** |
    | **Height 5’4”** | **Pulse 84** | **Resp 17** |
    | **PHYSICAL EXAMINATION** |
    | **General Appearance**<br>Patient with normal appearance. Currently sleeping, easy to arouse. Weakness, fatigue, weight loss. No distress noted. Denies pain or discomfort at the moment. |
    | **Skin**<br>Skin is intact, warm, dry, and adequate color. Normal skin turgor. Capillary refills < 3 seconds. |
    | **HEENT**<br>Head in normocephalic/atraumatic. Visual field full by confrontation. Conjunctiva pink, sclera white. Pupils 3 mm equally, round react to light and accommodation. EOM intact. No nose discharged noted. Fontal sinuses non-tender to palpation. No bleeding gum noted. Buccal mucosa dry, pink, and intact. Uvula midline, no exudate noted. No JVD noted. |
    | **Cardiovascular**<br>Currently NSR. No murmurs noted upon auscultation. Denies Chest Pain. |
    | **Respiratory**<br>Clear to auscultation bilaterally. Saturation 99-100 % on NC 4 L. |
    | **Gastrointestinal**<br>Abdomen hard, rounded, distended, tender to palpation, hypoactive bowel sounds noted. Right abdominal colostomy w/ stool output and pink stoma. PGJ tube in place. Midline incision with staples noted, open to air, no drainage. |
    | **Breast**<br>No lumps noted on palpation. Symmetrical. |
    | **Genitourinary**<br>No inguinal Hernias or CVA tenderness. Urine clear and yellow. Monitor I/O. |
    | **Musculoskeletal**<br>Pain with ambulation. Weaknesses. Limited ROM. No cyanosis or pedal edema. |
    | **Neurological**<br>AAOx2, self and place, partially to situation, disoriented to time. Speech clear, forgetful. Following commands. Able to move all extremities equally. Weakness BL upper and Lower extremities. Denies headache or dizziness. |
    | **Psychiatric**<br>Patient with noted depression and light anxiety. |
    | **Lab Tests:** CBC, BMP, Aptt, PT/INR, blood cx |

    | |
    | — |
    | |
    | **Special Tests:** Surgical Consult, CT ABD w/o contrast, Xray-ABD (KUB) |
    | **Diagnosis** |
    | · Primary Diagnosis- <br> Constipation, Achalasia.<br>o Differential Diagnoses<br>**:** Colon perforation, Acute colonic Pseudo Obstruction, Ischemic Colitis. Sepsis.<br> <br>o<br>**Plan:**<br> CT ABD w/o Contrast STAT, Chest Xray, Labs including Blood cultures<br> Medication: Continue Invanz, Levophed<br> Education: NPO status, Incentive Spirometer use.<br> Will place A-Line for invasive BP monitoring, Strict I/O<br>· Referrals: Surgical Consult on board, ID Following. PT/OT<br> Follow-up for new cultures and CT scan STAT and general surgery recommendations. |
    | **References** |

    SOAP NOTE

    **## MSNSoapNoteRubricElsaPreceptor.pdf**

    SOAP NOTE RUBRIC

    Criteria Points Competent Need Improvement Not Acceptable

    Score

    Subjective (35 points) Provides
    complete, concise,
    and accurate
    information,
    which is well
    organized and
    easy to
    understand.

    Provides most of the
    pertinent
    information, but is
    not well organized
    and/or is slightly
    challenging to
    understand. May be
    missing pertinent
    negative information
    (e.g., patient
    denies…).

    Limited or no
    summary of
    pertinent
    information, is
    organized
    poorly, contains
    inaccurate
    information,
    and/or is
    difficult to
    understand.

    Chief complaint 5 5 3 1
    HPI 10 10 8 6
    Relevant PMH & FH 5 5 3 1
    ROS 10 10 8 6
    Currents: Allergies,
    Meds/OTCs, Tobacco,
    Immunizations, Diet, Exercise,
    Sleep

    5 5 3 1

    Objective (40 points) Provides
    complete, concise,
    and accurate
    information,
    which is well
    organized and
    easy to
    understand.

    Provides most of the
    pertinent
    information, but is
    not well organized
    and/or is slightly
    challenging to
    understand. May be
    missing pertinent
    negative information
    (e.g., patient denies)

    Limited or no
    summary of
    pertinent
    information, is
    organized
    poorly, contains
    inaccurate
    information,
    and/or is
    difficult to
    understand.

    General survey (Describe the
    state of the patient at the time
    of the examination)

    10 10 8 6

    Vital signs
    Height, Weight, BMI

    10 10 8 6

    Physical exam-systematic,
    organized and thorough and
    related to the reason of the visit

    20 20 18 16

    Diagnosis/ Differentials
    Diagnosis (10 points)

    Main diagnosis/
    Differentials
    Diagnosis is
    supported by the
    objective and
    subjective
    assessment and
    rationale for
    choosing the

    Main diagnosis/
    Differentials
    Diagnosis is
    supported by the
    objective and
    subjective assessment
    but the rationale for
    choosing the
    diagnosis is not

    Main diagnosis/
    Differentials
    Diagnosis is not
    supported by
    the objective
    and subjective
    assessment and
    the rationale for
    choosing the

    SOAP NOTE RUBRIC

    diagnosis is
    supported by the
    evidence

    supported by the
    evidence

    diagnosis is not
    supported by
    the evidence

    Diagnosis/(Assessment) 5 5 3 1
    List of differentials supported
    by S+O findings (5 points)
    Must provide 3 differential
    diagnoses with one citation
    for each diagnosis.

    5 5 3 1

    Plan of care (10 Points) Complete and
    appropriate plan
    for the main
    problem and
    other active
    problems.
    Includes
    pharmacologic
    and/or non-
    pharmacologic
    and/or complete
    sig components.

    Mostly complete and
    appropriate plan for
    the main problem
    and other active
    problems. May be
    missing appropriate
    non-pharmacologic
    treatments and/or sig
    components.

    Missing or
    inappropriate
    treatment plan
    for the main
    problem and
    other active
    problems.

    Diagnostic
    tests/therapies/medications

    5 5 3 1

    Follow-up/Pt. Education and
    Health Promotion

    5 5 3 1

    References (5 Points) Provides a
    complete and
    appropriate list of
    references that
    are in APA
    format.

    References listed are
    appropriate (i.e.
    guidelines or
    primary), but not
    complete and some
    may be missing. Not
    APA formatted.

    References
    missing or very
    limited.
    References
    listed are
    inappropriate
    (i.e. tertiary)
    and/or not
    relevant.

    References 5 5 3 1
    Total 100

    Comment:

    **## SoapNoteConstipatiion..docx**

    | | | |
    | — | — | — |
    | **Patient Initials: RH** | **Pt. Encounter Number: 2-5** |
    | **Date: 1/15/2025** | **Age: 81 y.o** | **Sex: Male** |
    | **Allergies: NKA Advanced Directives: On File** |
    | **SUBJECTIVE** |
    | **CC:**<br>_“I have abdominal pain and bloating, my abdomen feels tight, and I haven’t had a bowel movements for 7 days. I feels nauseous and I have vomited.”_ |
    | **HPI:** 81 y/o Male with Hx of HTN, achalasia, dementia and chronic constipation. Patient presents with constipation with colonic dilation and cecal pneumatosis. Reports bloating and abdominal discomfort. No significant rectal bleeding or weight loss. On 1/14 RRT called due to hypotension and concerns for evolving sepsis. <br> <br>**_Onset:_** 7 days ago <br> <br>**_Location:_** 4 ABD Quadrants <br> <br>**_Duration:_** Continuous<br> <br>**_Characteristics:_** Burning, Sharp Pain<br> <br>**_Aggravating Factors:_** Eating. Laying Flat <br> <br>**_Relieving Factors:_** Eating small, simple seasoning meals. Antacids. <br> <br>**_Treatment:_** CT ABD Scan STAT ordered, Surgical team on board, labs CBC, BMP, Aptt, PT/INR, blood cx. Close monitoring in ICU. |
    | **Current Medications:**<br>Insulin, Pulmicort, Donepezil, Memantine, Trazadone, Labetalol, Pantoprazole, TPN, Lipids. |
    | **PMH:**<br>HTN, Achalasia Dementia, Chronic- constipation<br>**Medication Intolerances: None**<br>**Chronic Illnesses/Major traumas:** HTN, IDDM, Dementia, Constipation<br> <br>**Screening Hx/Immunizations Hx:** Up to Date, Influenza and Pneumococcal. <br> <br>**Hospitalizations/Surgeries:**<br>1/9 s/p initial Exploratory Laparotomy, decompression of colon, loop transverse colostomy, and placement of gastrostomy tube. |
    | **Family History:**<br>Father-61 years old died from Pneumonia. <br>Mother-76 years old died from Asthma and HTN. |
    | **Social History:**<br>_Patient comes from nursing home. Denies Tabacco, alcohol or drug use in the past. Ambulatory assist, requires a walker. Fall precautions in place._ |
    | **ROS** |
    | **General**<br>AAOx2, appears in discomfort, multimodal pain control due to distention and bloating. | **Cardiovascular**<br>· Hemodynamic monitoring and management. <br>· Titrate pressors to maintain MAP >65.<br>· Levophed at 4 mcg, wean as tolerated.<br>· Will place Arterial Line for invasive BP monitoring. |
    | **Skin**<br>Pale, Cold and Dry. | **Respiratory**<br>· Pt continues Ertapenem for resistant Klebsiella PNA in blood<br>· Maintain SpO2 >92 %.<br>· Continue pulmonary toilet<br>· Encourage use of I/S |
    | **Eyes**<br>Denies visual loss, blurred vision, or double vision. Denies history of cataracts or glaucoma. Uses glasses. | **Gastrointestinal**<br>· NPO Status<br>· Continue TPN, Lipids<br>· Gi Px: Protonix<br>· Continue ostomy care, monitor output<br>· General Surgery Following. |
    | **Ears**<br>History of otitis externa. Denies recent infections, ear pain, or tinnitus. Hard of hearing. | **Genitourinary/Gynecological**<br>No acute issues: Denies urinary urgency, frequency, dysuria, odorous urine, suprapubic pain.<br>· Continue monitoring of renal function, I/O, and electrolytes. Replace PRN. |

    | | | |
    | — | — | — |
    | | |
    | **Nose/Mouth/Throat**<br>Denies nasal pain, drainage, congestion, or other sinus issues. Denies throat pain or swelling. | **Musculoskeletal**<br>ROM limited. Denies muscle pain. <br>· PT/OT ordered<br>· OOB to Chair |
    | **Breast**<br>Denies discharge, tenderness. No palpable mass during exam. | **Neurological**<br>Awake and Alert. Hx of dementia. Continue Donepezil, Memantine, Trazadone. |
    | **Heme/Lymph/Endo**<br>· Insulin sliding Scale- for Blood Glucose <180<br>· Afebrile, leukocytosis<br>· Pt continues Ertapenem for resistant Klebsiella PNA in blood.<br>· ID Following | **Psychiatric**<br>Calm and cooperative. |
    | **OBJECTIVE** |
    | **Weight 133 lbs BMI 22.86** | **Temp 96.1** | **BP 108/54** |
    | **Height 5’4”** | **Pulse 84** | **Resp 17** |
    | **PHYSICAL EXAMINATION** |
    | **General Appearance**<br>Patient with normal appearance. Currently sleeping, easy to arouse. Weakness, fatigue, weight loss. No distress noted. Denies pain or discomfort at the moment. |
    | **Skin**<br>Skin is intact, warm, dry, and adequate color. Normal skin turgor. Capillary refills < 3 seconds. |
    | **HEENT**<br>Head in normocephalic/atraumatic. Visual field full by confrontation. Conjunctiva pink, sclera white. Pupils 3 mm equally, round react to light and accommodation. EOM intact. No nose discharged noted. Fontal sinuses non-tender to palpation. No bleeding gum noted. Buccal mucosa dry, pink, and intact. Uvula midline, no exudate noted. No JVD noted. |
    | **Cardiovascular**<br>Currently NSR. No murmurs noted upon auscultation. Denies Chest Pain. |
    | **Respiratory**<br>Clear to auscultation bilaterally. Saturation 99-100 % on NC 4 L. |
    | **Gastrointestinal**<br>Abdomen hard, rounded, distended, tender to palpation, hypoactive bowel sounds noted. Right abdominal colostomy w/ stool output and pink stoma. PGJ tube in place. Midline incision with staples noted, open to air, no drainage. |
    | **Breast**<br>No lumps noted on palpation. Symmetrical. |
    | **Genitourinary**<br>No inguinal Hernias or CVA tenderness. Urine clear and yellow. Monitor I/O. |
    | **Musculoskeletal**<br>Pain with ambulation. Weaknesses. Limited ROM. No cyanosis or pedal edema. |
    | **Neurological**<br>AAOx2, self and place, partially to situation, disoriented to time. Speech clear, forgetful. Following commands. Able to move all extremities equally. Weakness BL upper and Lower extremities. Denies headache or dizziness. |
    | **Psychiatric**<br>Patient with noted depression and light anxiety. |
    | **Lab Tests:** CBC, BMP, Aptt, PT/INR, blood cx |

    | |
    | — |
    | |
    | **Special Tests:** Surgical Consult, CT ABD w/o contrast, Xray-ABD (KUB) |
    | **Diagnosis** |
    | · Primary Diagnosis- <br> Constipation, Achalasia.<br>o Differential Diagnoses<br>**:** Colon perforation, Acute colonic Pseudo Obstruction, Ischemic Colitis. Sepsis.<br> <br>o<br>**Plan:**<br> CT ABD w/o Contrast STAT, Chest Xray, Labs including Blood cultures<br> Medication: Continue Invanz, Levophed<br> Education: NPO status, Incentive Spirometer use.<br> Will place A-Line for invasive BP monitoring, Strict I/O<br>· Referrals: Surgical Consult on board, ID Following. PT/OT<br> Follow-up for new cultures and CT scan STAT and general surgery recommendations. |
    | **References** |

    SOAP NOTE

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    ✓ Verified Academic Solution Available

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    Plese create a mini soap note including: on a made up patient of your choice, could be complaining of headache, back pain etc. YOU PICK Demographic data Subjective Objective Assessment Plan – 2 years ago

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    Plese create a mini soap note including: on a made up patient of your choice, could be complaining of headache, back pain etc. YOU PICK

    Demographic data

    Subjective

    Objective

    Assessment

    Plan

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    Sally is a 22-year-old female who recently became bothered by a rash that is itchy, red, inflamed, and dry. She also has scaly areas that she says are getting worse. The rash is only around her umbilicus and on her elbows. Both of her parents have psoriasis, but she doesn’t believe this is the probl…

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    Sally is a 22-year-old female who recently became bothered by a rash that is itchy, red, inflamed, and dry. She also has scaly areas that she says are getting worse. The rash is only around her umbilicus and on her elbows. Both of her parents have psoriasis, but she doesn’t believe this is the problem, because it appears to be different from her parents’ lesions. She is living in Florida, is under a lot of stress in high school, and just recovered from a lingering upper respiratory infection (URI).

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    **Teaching Assignment Rubric** Teaching is essential in nursing. This group assignment allows you to practice teaching among your peers and receive feedback. You must have your topic for the teaching assignment approved by your clinical instructor in addition to a date to present during pre/post con…

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    **Teaching Assignment  Rubric**

    Teaching is essential in nursing.  This group assignment allows you to practice teaching among your peers and receive feedback.  You must have your topic for the teaching assignment approved by your clinical instructor in addition to a date to present during pre/post conference at clinical.  The following is a rubric to guide you in organizing your presentation.

    **Score**

    **Requirements**

    100

    ·       **10 minutes in length (10 pts)**

    ·       Prepared and organized (10 pts)

    ·      Topic- post partum depression. Knows topic, not just reading from notes (10 pts)

    ·       Utilizes appropriate scholarly resources and incorporates into teach: (30 pts)

    o   Current (within the past five years)

    o   At least 2 resources should enhance the topic.  -Turn in Two resources and an outline of presentation by Tuesday January 2st 2025

    o   Nurse/clinical focused

    ·       Visual aid (20 pts)

    – PowerPoint
    – Pamphlet
    – Poster
    – Patient-teaching handout

    ·       **Involves peers for an interactive teach (10 pts)**

    ·      Response to each presentation in the discussion board forum **(10 pts)**

    77 and below

    ·       Less than 6 minutes in length

    ·       Not organized or prepared

    ·       No scholarly resources

    ·       No peer involvement

    ·       **Student will be required to repeat teach (with a larger audience) and the 2 grades will be averaged**

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    **All students will complete the Individual Success Plan in Week 2 of the course. Use the Pre-Predictor Score Report to guide you in this assignment.** Please use my score to complete the report. Fill out the section that says (Completed by Student) Sections: I, IV, IV. Thanks – [\ \ IndividualSuc…

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    **All students will complete the Individual Success Plan in Week 2 of the course. Use the Pre-Predictor Score Report to guide you in this assignment.**

    Please use my score to complete the report. Fill out the section that says (Completed by Student)  Sections: I, IV, IV.

    Thanks

    – [\
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    IndividualSuccessPlanForm.docx](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/individualsuccessplanform-docx "IndividualSuccessPlanForm.docx")
    – [\
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    **What features help to differentiate a benign tumor from a malignant tumor?** A benign neoplasm is distinguished by its gradual proliferation, encapsulated structure and lack of invasive properties, indicating that it does not invade adjacent tissues or spread to distant anatomic sites. In addition…

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    **What features help to differentiate a benign tumor from a malignant tumor?**

           A benign neoplasm is distinguished by its gradual proliferation, encapsulated structure and lack of invasive properties, indicating that it does not invade adjacent tissues or spread to distant anatomic sites. In addition, the cellular composition of benign tumors usually resembles that of the corresponding normal cells of the original tissue and is characterized by well-delineated margins. In contrast, a malignant neoplasm is classified as cancerous and shows rapid and uncontrolled growth, infiltrating surrounding tissues and spreading through the circulatory or lymphatic systems in a phenomenon called metastasis. Malignant cells are atypical, with enlarged nuclei and decreased cytoplasmic volume, and tend to develop into tumors with irregular and ill-defined borders. While benign tumors generally have a favorable prognosis after removal, malignant tumors present a more significant health risk because of their aggressive nature and because they are prone to recurrence (Mancarella & Scotlandi, 2020).

    **What tissues give rise to a carcinoma, a sarcoma, and a lymphoma?**

           Carcinomas, sarcomas and lymphomas originate from different tissues of the human body, underscoring their biological and clinical heterogeneity. Carcinomas are derived from epithelial cells, which constitute the lining of the integumentary system and internal organs, including the gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract and glands. This category of neoplasm is the most prevalent and accounts for approximately 80 to 90% of documented cases. In contrast, sarcomas arise from mesenchymal tissues and include bone, muscle, cartilage, adipose tissue, blood vessels and connective tissues such as tendons and ligaments. Although less common than carcinomas, sarcomas can occur throughout the body and are particularly prevalent in the extremities and abdominal cavity. Finally, lymphomas originate in lymphocytes (T or B cells), which are crucial components of the immune system. These malignancies predominantly affect the lymph nodes and associated organs of the lymphatic system, where abnormal lymphomatous cells accumulate and proliferate uncontrollably. Each of these cancers has distinctive characteristics based on their tissue of origin and associated clinical behaviors (National Cancer Institute, 2021).

    **References**

    Mancarella, C., & Scotlandi, K. (2020). IGF2BP3 From Physiology to Cancer: Novel Discoveries, Unsolved Issues, and Future Perspectives. _Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology_, _7_. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2019.00363

    National Cancer Institute. (2021, January 1). _What is cancer?_ (nciglobal,ncienterprise) [cgvArticle]. https://www.cancer.gov/espanol/cancer/naturaleza/que-es

    – 2 years ago

  • [Solved] Discussion P W2 Reply 2-1

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    A tumor is an abnormal growth that be benign or malignant and can harm or even kill the host if proper interventions do not occur on a timely manner. A tumor is made up of tissue which serves no purpose to the host other than introducing a pathogen to the immune system. Benign tumors are none cancer…

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    A tumor is an abnormal growth that be benign or malignant and can harm or even kill the host if proper interventions do not occur on a timely manner. A tumor is made up of tissue which serves no purpose to the host other than introducing a pathogen to the immune system. Benign tumors are none cancerous and do not spread in contrast to malignant tumors where they are cancerous and will rupture and spread cancer cells to organs and tissues. Benign tumors have a slow growth and thy are incapsulated with clear edges and are localize and noninvasive. Benign tumors do not metastasize rarely turn malignant expect in the case of colon polyps where after a long period of time can in fact become malignant thus becoming colon cancer. Lipomas in the other hand are benign tumors that will grow slow allowing them to be watch closely and to take proper measurements and precautions, other benign tumors include fibroids, adenomas and hemangiomas. In contrast to malignant tumors which grow fast, have irregular shape and can invade other organs and tissues, often needed treatment such as chemotherapy, radiation and surgery to remove the cancerous cells from the host. Types of malignant tumors or cancers are carcinomas and sarcomas, breast, lung, prostate, colorectal and stomach cancer are the most common of malignant cancers affecting the population. Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women. It is estimated that 2.3 million new cases of BC are diagnosed globally each year (Cicenas, 2021).

    As cancer continues to spread through a process called metastasis, it is known that where the cancer begins it will not be where it ends. With different types of cancers such as carcinoma originates in the skin, lungs breast and glands. Sarcoma are cancers that solid with connective tissues such as bones and cartridge, muscles and fibrous tissues. Lymphoma are cancers of the lymphocytes and lastly leukemia is cancer in the blood. Being characterized by six major hallmarks, carcinogenesis might occur in every cell, tissue, and organ, leading to the pathological alternations that result in a vast number of cancers (Cicenas, 2021). In the United States in 2021, 1,777,566 new cancer cases were reported. In the United States in 2022, 608,366 people died of cancer (2024). Although cancer affect all the world population regardless of age, race, and sex often cancer will not affect all of the population the same. Differences in genetics, hormones, environmental exposures, and other factors can lead to differences in risk among different groups of people. For most cancers, though, increasing age is the most important risk factor (2024).

    Tkacs, N., Johnson, R., & Herrmann, L. (2022). Advanced Physiology and Pathophysiology: Essentials for Clinical Practice. Springer Publishing Company.

    Cicenas, J. (2021, August 21). Breast cancer—epidemiology, risk factors, classification, prognostic markers, and current treatment strategies—an updated review – PMC. Breast Cancer—Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Classification, Prognostic Markers, and Current Treatment Strategies—An Updated Review. [https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8428369/](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8428369/)

    CDC. (2024, December 12). Cancer data and statistics | cancer | CDC. Cancer Data and Statistics. [https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/data/index.html](https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/data/index.html)

    – 2 years ago