Category: Nursing

  • [Solved] Assigment .Apa seven . All instructions attached.

    ✓ Verified Academic Solution Available

    Executive Solution Overview

    **files (1)** – ## Assigmentoutlineweek2.docx **## Assigmentoutlineweek2.docx** Nursing Leadership and Management-DBX-DL01 Nora Hernandez-Pupo Active Learning Activity Week 2- Leadership in QI Paper Outline Submission **📌 What Is Due This Week (WEEK 2): Your OUTLINE** This week, you are **only submi…

    Instant Solution Download

    $6.99

    Immediate access to the full model answer, formatted citations, and rubric breakdown.

    Need a Fresh Custom Paper?

    Have this question answered from scratch according to your specific instructions and deadline.

    Order on TutorsGallery →

    Assignment Prompt & Instructions

    **files (1)**

    – ## Assigmentoutlineweek2.docx

    **## Assigmentoutlineweek2.docx**

    Nursing Leadership and Management-DBX-DL01 Nora Hernandez-Pupo

    Active Learning Activity Week 2- Leadership in QI Paper Outline Submission

    **📌 What Is Due This Week (WEEK 2): Your OUTLINE**

    This week, you are
    **only submitting your outline**, not the full paper.

    **Your Outline Must Include:**

    ·
    **At least 5 scholarly references**

    · Each reference
    **must include a DOI**

    · If I cannot verify your sources,
    **points will be deducted**

    ·
    **1–2 clear sentences or bullet points for every required section** of the final paper- ensure you use your references and cite your points

    ·
    **Maximum length: 3 pages** (not counting cover page or reference page)

    · I will
    **stop reading after page 3**

    ·
    **Must be submitted in APA 7 format- cover page, reference page**

    · Use this outline to begin your research: you will need these sources for your final paper.

    **Helpful Resource:**

    **Great resource to assist you:** [Reference List: Author/Authors – Purdue OWL® – Purdue University](https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa_style/apa_formatting_and_style_guide/reference_list_author_authors.html)

    **📘 Week 5 Assignment Content (What Your Paper Must Cover More in Depth)**

    **1. Scenario & Project Instructions**

    You are the new nurse manager on a
    **Heart Failure/Cardiac stepdown unit**.

    Let us consider the following for the quality improvement project:

    You are a new manager on your Heart Failure/Cardiac step-down unit and have high hopes for your floor.

    You are to identify 3 IT projects that you as the nurse manager of a nursing unit could develop to support the operations of the nursing floor to promote compliance with daily weights for your HF patients.

    There are multiple approaches to analyzing data. AI is the latest advance in machine learning approaches that include supervised, in which data is labeled and the algorithm is guided with statistical considerations, and unsupervised, in which unlabeled data is used to infer meaning. While robust, machine learning approaches require interdisciplinary teams and large resource dedication to complete.

    As you do your RCA analysis you realize that compliance to many of the issues causing experiences on your floor is due to the poor health data literacy within your nursing staff.

    Why is it important for nurse leaders to develop health data literacy? This question must be answered and supported by scholarly sources

    Data to support patient care comes from a variety of sources that contain differing data types- must be included in your final submission [in your outline you may summarize your findings]. Key activities to use clinical data include identifying the sources of data, understanding the data types and associated methods to work with the data, and identifying the necessary resources to complete your IT project.

    As you begin to form your team for your IT projects you question yourself as to who will comprise the team.

    Identifying and assembling an adequate project team is based on the needs of the project. At a minimum, you will need to include frontline staff that will use the product, a data analyst capable of completing the ETL process on the data, and potentially statisticians to conduct appropriate model building and outcomes analyses.

    Who are the various team members to consider adding to the team? Identify their roles and contributions to the project. Here you will name and describe their role and function in implementing your projects- be detailed in your paper.

    Finally all projects require review and potential revision over time. Follow-up and review of implemented programs should be included in the initial planning stages and resource allocation decisions at project inception.

    **2. IT Projects (3 total)**

    Identify
    **three IT projects** that could improve
    **daily weight compliance** for HF patients.

    Label them clearly:

    · IT Project 1: ______

    · IT Project 2: ______

    · IT Project 3: ______

    **3. Data Analysis & AI**

    Briefly explain:

    · Supervised vs. unsupervised machine learning

    · Why AI requires interdisciplinary teams and resources

    **4. Health Data Literacy**

    During your RCA, you discover poor
    **health data literacy** among staff.

    You must answer:

    ·
    **Why is health data literacy essential for nurse leaders?**

    · Support with scholarly sources.

    **5. Data Sources & Data Types**

    Your final paper must describe:

    · Different
    **sources of clinical data**

    · Different
    **data types**

    · How these data types are used

    · What resources are needed to complete your IT projects

    (For the outline, you may summarize these points.)

    **6. Project Team Members**

    Identify who should be on your IT project team, including:

    · Frontline staff

    · Data analyst (ETL processes)

    · Statistician (model building, outcomes analysis)

    · Any additional roles needed

    · Explain each member’s
    **role and contribution**.

    **7. FollowUp & Sustainability**

    All QI projects require:

    · Ongoing review

    · Revision over time

    · Planning for followup from the beginning

    Explain how you will monitor and sustain your projects.

    ***Each of these numbered sections make great level 1 APA headings for your paper- which are required at this level.

    **🎯 Why the Outline Matters**

    Your outline:

    · Helps you organize your ideas early

    · Ensures you are covering all required sections

    · Allows you to receive feedback
    **before** the final paper is due

    · Counts toward your success on a paper worth
    **18% of your grade**

    **## Assigmentoutlineweek2.docx**

    Nursing Leadership and Management-DBX-DL01 Nora Hernandez-Pupo

    Active Learning Activity Week 2- Leadership in QI Paper Outline Submission

    **📌 What Is Due This Week (WEEK 2): Your OUTLINE**

    This week, you are
    **only submitting your outline**, not the full paper.

    **Your Outline Must Include:**

    ·
    **At least 5 scholarly references**

    · Each reference
    **must include a DOI**

    · If I cannot verify your sources,
    **points will be deducted**

    ·
    **1–2 clear sentences or bullet points for every required section** of the final paper- ensure you use your references and cite your points

    ·
    **Maximum length: 3 pages** (not counting cover page or reference page)

    · I will
    **stop reading after page 3**

    ·
    **Must be submitted in APA 7 format- cover page, reference page**

    · Use this outline to begin your research: you will need these sources for your final paper.

    **Helpful Resource:**

    **Great resource to assist you:** [Reference List: Author/Authors – Purdue OWL® – Purdue University](https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa_style/apa_formatting_and_style_guide/reference_list_author_authors.html)

    **📘 Week 5 Assignment Content (What Your Paper Must Cover More in Depth)**

    **1. Scenario & Project Instructions**

    You are the new nurse manager on a
    **Heart Failure/Cardiac stepdown unit**.

    Let us consider the following for the quality improvement project:

    You are a new manager on your Heart Failure/Cardiac step-down unit and have high hopes for your floor.

    You are to identify 3 IT projects that you as the nurse manager of a nursing unit could develop to support the operations of the nursing floor to promote compliance with daily weights for your HF patients.

    There are multiple approaches to analyzing data. AI is the latest advance in machine learning approaches that include supervised, in which data is labeled and the algorithm is guided with statistical considerations, and unsupervised, in which unlabeled data is used to infer meaning. While robust, machine learning approaches require interdisciplinary teams and large resource dedication to complete.

    As you do your RCA analysis you realize that compliance to many of the issues causing experiences on your floor is due to the poor health data literacy within your nursing staff.

    Why is it important for nurse leaders to develop health data literacy? This question must be answered and supported by scholarly sources

    Data to support patient care comes from a variety of sources that contain differing data types- must be included in your final submission [in your outline you may summarize your findings]. Key activities to use clinical data include identifying the sources of data, understanding the data types and associated methods to work with the data, and identifying the necessary resources to complete your IT project.

    As you begin to form your team for your IT projects you question yourself as to who will comprise the team.

    Identifying and assembling an adequate project team is based on the needs of the project. At a minimum, you will need to include frontline staff that will use the product, a data analyst capable of completing the ETL process on the data, and potentially statisticians to conduct appropriate model building and outcomes analyses.

    Who are the various team members to consider adding to the team? Identify their roles and contributions to the project. Here you will name and describe their role and function in implementing your projects- be detailed in your paper.

    Finally all projects require review and potential revision over time. Follow-up and review of implemented programs should be included in the initial planning stages and resource allocation decisions at project inception.

    **2. IT Projects (3 total)**

    Identify
    **three IT projects** that could improve
    **daily weight compliance** for HF patients.

    Label them clearly:

    · IT Project 1: ______

    · IT Project 2: ______

    · IT Project 3: ______

    **3. Data Analysis & AI**

    Briefly explain:

    · Supervised vs. unsupervised machine learning

    · Why AI requires interdisciplinary teams and resources

    **4. Health Data Literacy**

    During your RCA, you discover poor
    **health data literacy** among staff.

    You must answer:

    ·
    **Why is health data literacy essential for nurse leaders?**

    · Support with scholarly sources.

    **5. Data Sources & Data Types**

    Your final paper must describe:

    · Different
    **sources of clinical data**

    · Different
    **data types**

    · How these data types are used

    · What resources are needed to complete your IT projects

    (For the outline, you may summarize these points.)

    **6. Project Team Members**

    Identify who should be on your IT project team, including:

    · Frontline staff

    · Data analyst (ETL processes)

    · Statistician (model building, outcomes analysis)

    · Any additional roles needed

    · Explain each member’s
    **role and contribution**.

    **7. FollowUp & Sustainability**

    All QI projects require:

    · Ongoing review

    · Revision over time

    · Planning for followup from the beginning

    Explain how you will monitor and sustain your projects.

    ***Each of these numbered sections make great level 1 APA headings for your paper- which are required at this level.

    **🎯 Why the Outline Matters**

    Your outline:

    · Helps you organize your ideas early

    · Ensures you are covering all required sections

    · Allows you to receive feedback
    **before** the final paper is due

    · Counts toward your success on a paper worth
    **18% of your grade**

  • [Solved] Nursing

    ✓ Verified Academic Solution Available

    Executive Solution Overview

    In-depth study guidance and analytical solution covering Nursing.

    Instant Solution Download

    $6.99

    Immediate access to the full model answer, formatted citations, and rubric breakdown.

    Need a Fresh Custom Paper?

    Have this question answered from scratch according to your specific instructions and deadline.

    Order on TutorsGallery →

    Assignment Prompt & Instructions

    Full assignment prompt and step-by-step guidance are included in the downloadable solution file.

  • [Solved] Budget Plan

    ✓ Verified Academic Solution Available

    Executive Solution Overview

    how to plan a budget for a project

    Instant Solution Download

    $6.99

    Immediate access to the full model answer, formatted citations, and rubric breakdown.

    Need a Fresh Custom Paper?

    Have this question answered from scratch according to your specific instructions and deadline.

    Order on TutorsGallery →

    Assignment Prompt & Instructions

    how to plan a budget for a project

  • [Solved] Client Teaching

    ✓ Verified Academic Solution Available

    Executive Solution Overview

    The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) (2023) report that 60,000 – 100,000 Americans die each year from venous thromboembolisms and the resulting pulmonary embolisms. Nurses play a key role in the prevention of the development of VTEs. For this assignment, create a 1- (one) page client teaching hando…

    Instant Solution Download

    $6.99

    Immediate access to the full model answer, formatted citations, and rubric breakdown.

    Need a Fresh Custom Paper?

    Have this question answered from scratch according to your specific instructions and deadline.

    Order on TutorsGallery →

    Assignment Prompt & Instructions

    The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) (2023) report that 60,000 – 100,000 Americans die each year from venous thromboembolisms and the resulting pulmonary embolisms. Nurses play a key role in the prevention of the development of VTEs.

    For this assignment, create a 1- (one) page client teaching handout about prevention and early recognition of venous thromboembolisms in the newly postoperative client. Because this is for a client, use clear, concise language. Guidelines from the CDC for creating client teaching information are available [hereLinks to an external site.](https://www.cdc.gov/health-literacy/php/develop-materials/develop-test-materials.html).

    You may use Word, PowerPoint, Canva, etc. to create the handout as long as it can be uploaded below. You can include facts, figures, pictures, etc. to enhance the handout if you choose.

    – Include these headings at a minimum:
    – Risk Factors
    – Signs and Symptoms to Report to Your Nurse
    – Actions Your Nurse Might Perform to Prevent the Development of a Clot
    – References
    – Give credit to your sources using APA 7th edition format.

  • [Solved] Capstone Budget Prposal

    ✓ Verified Academic Solution Available

    Executive Solution Overview

    Use this link ( [**Capstone Project Proposal Budget Requirements**](https://nightingale.instructure.com/courses/3624966/files/279728655?wrap=1 "BSN 355 Budget Requirements Updated-1.docx") [Download Capstone Project Proposal Budget Requirements](https://nightingale.instructure.com/courses/3624966/fi…

    Instant Solution Download

    $6.99

    Immediate access to the full model answer, formatted citations, and rubric breakdown.

    Need a Fresh Custom Paper?

    Have this question answered from scratch according to your specific instructions and deadline.

    Order on TutorsGallery →

    Assignment Prompt & Instructions

    Use this link ( [**Capstone Project Proposal Budget Requirements**](https://nightingale.instructure.com/courses/3624966/files/279728655?wrap=1 "BSN 355 Budget Requirements Updated-1.docx") [Download Capstone Project Proposal Budget Requirements](https://nightingale.instructure.com/courses/3624966/files/279728655/download?download_frd=1)) to find the template that you need to fill out, including the information below.

    – Budget item: List the item(s) required for your project.
    – Description: Describe the item and state what it will be used for.
    – Amount needed: State the quantify and dollar value for each item and identify an estimate of the total purchase.
    – Proposed Sources: Who will be responsible for purchasing or supplying the item(s), and where the item will be purchased from?

    I provided an example template also.

    – [\
    \
    BSN355BudgetRequirementsUpdated-1.docx](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/bsn355budgetrequirementsupdated-1-docx-10574145 "BSN355BudgetRequirementsUpdated-1.docx")
    – [\
    \
    BSN355CapstoneProjectOutcomeandEvaluationExample.docx](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/bsn355capstoneprojectoutcomeandevaluationexample-docx "BSN355CapstoneProjectOutcomeandEvaluationExample.docx")

  • [Solved] Pain management

    ✓ Verified Academic Solution Available

    Executive Solution Overview

    how to best give meds to manage pain?

    Instant Solution Download

    $6.99

    Immediate access to the full model answer, formatted citations, and rubric breakdown.

    Need a Fresh Custom Paper?

    Have this question answered from scratch according to your specific instructions and deadline.

    Order on TutorsGallery →

    Assignment Prompt & Instructions

    how to best give meds to manage pain?

  • [Solved] Diagnostic wk 8 reply

    ✓ Verified Academic Solution Available

    Executive Solution Overview

    Please write a 300 word reply to my classmate, her discussion post is below. APA format. NO AI. My professor is a stickler for AI. PLEASE NO AI. scholarly written, APA formatted and a minimum of 3 references (which may include the course textbook). "Sylvia: Based on this patient’s presentation, the …

    Instant Solution Download

    $6.99

    Immediate access to the full model answer, formatted citations, and rubric breakdown.

    Need a Fresh Custom Paper?

    Have this question answered from scratch according to your specific instructions and deadline.

    Order on TutorsGallery →

    Assignment Prompt & Instructions

    Please write a 300 word reply to my classmate, her discussion post is below. APA format. NO AI. My professor is a stickler for AI. PLEASE NO AI. scholarly written, APA formatted and a minimum of 3 references (which may include the course textbook).

    "Sylvia: Based on this patient’s presentation, the most likely diagnosis is acute calculous cholecystitis, with concern for choledocholithiasis and possible ascending cholangitis (DynaMed, 2026). Her previous episodes of evening right upper quadrant and epigastric pain after heavy meals are consistent with biliary colic. However, this episode is more serious because the pain has lasted 24 hours and is now associated with fever, tachycardia, jaundice, nausea, vomiting, guarding, and rebound tenderness. Acute cholecystitis usually occurs when a gallstone obstructs the cystic duct, causing gallbladder inflammation, and it can progress to gangrene or perforation if not treated promptly (Jones et al., 2025). The jaundice is especially important because it suggests possible common bile duct obstruction, which increases the risk for ascending cholangitis (Bonomo et al., 2024).

    According to DynaMed (2026), other possible diagnoses should also be considered. Choledocholithiasis is possible because jaundice may indicate obstruction of the common bile duct. Ascending cholangitis is another important concern because the combination of fever, jaundice, and right upper quadrant pain is consistent with Charcot’s triad. Gallstone pancreatitis should be ruled out because epigastric pain with nausea and vomiting can occur when a stone obstructs the ampulla; therefore, a serum lipase is important (Bonomo et al., 2024). Biliary colic explains her prior post-meal episodes, but it is less likely to explain the current episode because the pain is persistent and associated with fever and jaundice (Bonomo et al., 2024).

    Diagnostic testing should begin with a complete blood count, comprehensive metabolic panel, liver function tests, total and direct bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, lipase, serum lactate, blood cultures, a pregnancy test, coagulation studies, and a type and screen (Pagana et al., 2022). These tests help identify infection, biliary obstruction, pancreatitis, sepsis risk, pregnancy status, and readiness for possible procedures (Pagana et al., 2022). A right upper quadrant ultrasound should be ordered first because it is the preferred initial imaging test for suspected acute cholecystitis or cholangitis (Bonomo et al., 2024). Findings such as gallstones, gallbladder wall thickening, pericholecystic fluid, a sonographic Murphy sign, or common bile duct dilation would support the diagnosis. If ultrasound findings are unclear but suspicion remains high, a HIDA scan can help confirm cystic duct obstruction (Pagana et al., 2022). If labs or imaging suggest a common bile duct stone, magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography or endoscopic ultrasound may be used for further evaluation (Bonomo et al., 2024).  Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is appropriate when there is a high suspicion of cholangitis or persistent obstruction because it can diagnose and treat the problem by decompressing the bile duct and removing stones (Buxbaum et al., 2019).

    According to Buxbaum et al. (2019), initial treatment should include hospital admission, NPO status, IV fluids, pain control, antiemetics, and broad-spectrum IV antibiotics that cover common enteric organisms. Surgical and gastroenterology consultations should be obtained early. For uncomplicated acute cholecystitis, early laparoscopic cholecystectomy during the same admission is generally preferred, ideally within the early treatment window when feasible (Mencarini et al., 2024). If cholangitis is confirmed, urgent biliary decompression with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography becomes a priority because antibiotics alone may not be enough when the duct remains obstructed (Bonomo et al., 2024).

    According to Mencarini et al. (2024), patient teaching should focus on explaining that gallstones likely caused blockage and inflammation, and that jaundice, fever, worsening pain, confusion, low blood pressure, or persistent vomiting require urgent care. I would teach the patient to remain NPO until cleared, expect IV fluids, antibiotics, and possible surgery or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, and report increasing pain, chills, dark urine, pale stools, or worsening yellowing of the skin. After recovery or surgery, teaching should include gradual diet advancement, limiting high-fat meals if they trigger symptoms, wound care if surgery is performed, medication adherence, follow-up appointments, and when to seek emergency care. Because this patient is uncomfortable and acutely ill, education should be brief initially and then reinforced with her family when she is stable.

    ## **References**

    Bonomo, R. A., Edwards, M. S., Abrahamian, F. M., Bessesen, M., Chow, A. W., Dellinger, E. P., Goldstein, E., Hayden, M. K., Humphries, R., Kaye, K. S., Potoski, B. A., Rodríguez-Baño, J., Sawyer, R., Skalweit, M., Snydman, D. R., Tamma, P. D., Donnelly, K., & Loveless, J. (2024). 2024 clinical practice guideline update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America on complicated intra-abdominal infections: Diagnostic imaging of suspected acute cholecystitis and acute cholangitis in adults, children, and pregnant people. _Clinical Infectious Diseases, 79_(Suppl. 3), S104–S108.

    Buxbaum, J. L., Fehmi, S. M. A., Sultan, S., Fishman, D. S., Qumseya, B. J., Cortessis, V. K., Schilperoort, H., Kysh, L., Matsuoka, L., Yachimski, P., Agrawal, D., Gurudu, S. R., Jamil, L. H., Jue, T. L., Khashab, M. A., Law, J. K., Lee, J. K., Naveed, M., Sawhney, M. S., Thosani, N., Yang, J., & Wani, S. B. (2019). ASGE guideline on the role of endoscopy in the evaluation and management of choledocholithiasis. _Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, 89_(6), 1075–1105.

    DynaMed. (2026). _Choledocholithiasis_. EBSCO Information Services. https://www-dynamed-com.wilkes.idm.oclc.org/condition/choledocholithiasis

    Jones, M. W., Santos, G., Patel, P. J., & O’Rourke, M. C. (2025). _Acute cholecystitis_. In _StatPearls_. StatPearls Publishing.

    Mencarini, L., Vestito, A., Zagari, R. M., & Montagnani, M. (2024). The diagnosis and treatment of acute cholecystitis: A comprehensive narrative review for a practical approach. _Journal of Clinical Medicine, 13_(9), Article 2695.

    Pagana, K. D., Pagana, T. J., & Pagana, T. N. (2022). _Mosby’s manual of diagnostic and laboratory tests_ (7th ed.). Mosby."

  • [Solved] Nursing

    ✓ Verified Academic Solution Available

    Executive Solution Overview

    In-depth study guidance and analytical solution covering Nursing.

    Instant Solution Download

    $6.99

    Immediate access to the full model answer, formatted citations, and rubric breakdown.

    Need a Fresh Custom Paper?

    Have this question answered from scratch according to your specific instructions and deadline.

    Order on TutorsGallery →

    Assignment Prompt & Instructions

    Full assignment prompt and step-by-step guidance are included in the downloadable solution file.

  • [Solved] PROVIDE A REPLY SAMPLE as a DNP student, use real verifiable different from post refereces from 2020-2026 NO AI use no plagiraism

    ✓ Verified Academic Solution Available

    Executive Solution Overview

    peTER I developed a stronger sense of responsibility to conduct research ethically when taking the course, Ethics and Human Subject Protection: A Comprehensive Introduction. Upon reviewing the Belmont Report, the Declaration of Helsinki, and the Nuremberg Code, I have come to appreciate the impact o…

    Instant Solution Download

    $6.99

    Immediate access to the full model answer, formatted citations, and rubric breakdown.

    Need a Fresh Custom Paper?

    Have this question answered from scratch according to your specific instructions and deadline.

    Order on TutorsGallery →

    Assignment Prompt & Instructions

    peTER

    I developed a stronger sense of responsibility to conduct research ethically when taking the course, Ethics and Human Subject Protection: A Comprehensive Introduction. Upon reviewing the Belmont Report, the Declaration of Helsinki, and the Nuremberg Code, I have come to appreciate the impact of these original documents on contemporary research practices. They all outline a framework for developing and implementing research protocols based on ethics to protect participants while allowing researchers to complete their investigation scientifically and with integrity.

    One of the most significant things I learned from this class was that ethical research is initiated through recognition of the inherent worth and dignity of each individual researcher participant. Respect for persons is identified in the Belmont Report as an underlying principle. The report states that individuals possess the right to decide whether or not to participate in research and to do so in an informed manner. Therefore, investigators must provide informed consent that includes language that participants can comprehend and ascertain whether or not participation is completely voluntary. Additionally, the report outlines the need to implement extra safeguards for those who lack capacity to make decisions regarding their own welfare or could potentially be coerced into participation. (Nagai et al., 2022), noted that researchers have a duty to protect individuals with diminished decision-making capacity and those who are vulnerable to coercion.

    A second key concept I learned is the principle of beneficence. In essence, researchers must create studies structured to optimize the advantages of research while limiting its risks. Rather than simply considering participant safety prior to initiating a study, researchers must continually assess participant safety as part of their obligations as investigators. Non-maleficence, i.e., doing no harm where feasible, is closely aligned with the concept of beneficence. These two concepts work together to foster confidence in research among the public and ensure that participants are not unnecessarily put at risk. (Sánchez et al., 2023), stated that these principles underlie protecting the public’s perception of research and assuring that participants are protected from harms that are preventable.

    In addition to respect for persons and beneficence, the Belmont Report addresses the concept of justice, specifically the fair selection of participants in studies and equity in distributing the risks and benefits associated with research. Investigators must select study participants fairly and not recruit them based on vulnerability alone due to their accessibility and fewer opportunities to refuse. Selecting participants fairly has been shown to reduce health inequities and increase equitable access to the benefits generated by research.

    Historically, the development of the Nuremberg Code had a strong impression on me. Created after World War II, it mandated voluntary informed consent as an absolute prerequisite for human experimentation. Furthermore, it included requirements for investigators such as qualified investigators, studies with favorable risk-benefit ratios, and the ability of participants to withdraw from a study at any time. Although created many years ago, these codes have become foundational for modern clinical research and continue to affect regulatory laws across the globe.

    Additionally, the Declaration of Helsinki provides international ethical guidelines for physicians and researchers conducting medical research using humans. The Declaration emphasizes that the well-being of participants takes precedence over both science and societal interest. The Declaration also emphasizes independent ethics committee review of proposed study protocols; transparent disclosure of research outcomes; protection of vulnerable populations; and responsible dissemination of research results.

    An area of the course that I personally found very useful was gaining knowledge concerning institutional review boards (IRBs) and ethics committees. IRBs and ethics committees have the responsibility for pre-enrollment review of proposed research protocols, ongoing evaluation of studies once begun, assessment of informed consent processes, and assurance that investigators comply with applicable laws and regulations governing ethics. The existence of IRBs ethics committees protects participant rights while supporting credible scientific investigation. (Mehta et al.,2023), stated that ethics committees act independently by achieving equilibrium between scientific progress and participant protection while also promoting accountability within the entire research process.

    Ultimately, this course demonstrated that ethical research is much more than just being compliant with regulations. Protecting human subjects requires respect for participant autonomy; identifying risks/benefits of research; selecting participants equitably; maintaining participant confidentiality; conducting scientific inquiry with integrity; and having ongoing oversight of ethics. When I am functioning as a DNP-graduated doctorate candidate, these principles will form the foundation for my evidence-based practice activities and provide me with an opportunity to ensure that patient safety, human dignity, and ethical decision-making are paramount to every quality improvement project and research endeavor.

    References

    Mehta, P., Zimba, O., Gasparyan, A. Y., Seiil, B., & Yessirkepov, M. (2023). Ethics committees: Structure, roles, and issues. Journal of Korean Medical Science, 38(26), e198. [https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2023.38.e198](https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2023.38.e198)

    Nagai, H., Nakazawa, E., & Akabayashi, A. (2022). The creation of the Belmont Report and its effect on ethical principles: A historical study. Bioethics News. [https://doi.org/10.1007/s40592-022-00165-5](https://doi.org/10.1007/s40592-022-00165-5)

    Sánchez, G. S., Bezhold, G. A., & Farnós, I. A. (2023). Research ethics: From principles to practical aspects. Anales de Pediatría. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anpede.2023.06.016](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anpede.2023.06.016)

    National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research. (1979). The Belmont Report: Ethical principles and guidelines for the protection of human subjects of research. U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. [https://www.hhs.gov/ohrp/regulations-and-policy/belmont-report/index.html](https://www.hhs.gov/ohrp/regulations-and-policy/belmont-report/index.html)

    The Nuremberg Code. (1949). In Trials of war criminals before the Nuremberg Military Tribunals under Control Council Law No. 10 (Vol. 2, pp. 181–182). U.S. Government Printing Office. https://history.nih.gov/display/history/Nuremberg+Code

    World Medical Association. (2024). Declaration of Helsinki: Ethical principles for medical research involving human participants. https://www.wma.net/policies-post/wma-declaration-of-helsinki-ethical-principles-for-medical-research-involving-human-participants/

  • [Solved] provide a reply sample a s a DNP student. use real different from post regferecnces from 2020-2026 NO AI use no plagiarism

    ✓ Verified Academic Solution Available

    Executive Solution Overview

    Mary A Protection of human subjects is one of the many ethical responsibilities nurses have when participating in research activities or evidence-based practice. During my time taking Ethics and Human Subject Protection: A Comprehensive Introduction course, I learned more about past events leading t…

    Instant Solution Download

    $6.99

    Immediate access to the full model answer, formatted citations, and rubric breakdown.

    Need a Fresh Custom Paper?

    Have this question answered from scratch according to your specific instructions and deadline.

    Order on TutorsGallery →

    Assignment Prompt & Instructions

    Mary A

    Protection of human subjects is one of the many ethical responsibilities nurses have when participating in research activities or evidence-based practice. During my time taking Ethics and Human Subject Protection: A Comprehensive Introduction course, I learned more about past events leading to current research practices and why it is important to protect the rights, dignity, safety, and well-being of human research participants. I believe it is important that science should never come at the cost of human rights. Documents such as the Nuremberg Code, the Declaration of Helsinki, and Belmont Report have laid the ethical groundwork for research involving human subjects and how nurses can conduct investigations ethically and responsibly while keeping our patients at the center of our research.

    One key takeaway that I had from this course was the importance of respecting human subjects. I learned that this ethical principle acknowledges the autonomy of all human beings and provides extra protections for vulnerable populations. According to the Belmont Report (1979), humans have the right to make their own decisions about participating in research once they are provided with adequate information about the study’s purpose, procedures, risks, expected benefits, and available alternatives (paragraph 3). Informed consent is more than just asking someone to sign a document before participating in research. Informed consent is a process of communication between researchers and participants. Consent should be obtained in a manner where participants understand what the research is about and feel comfortable voluntarily participating in the study without pressure or undue influence. In addition, this concept will help me remember to provide extra protection when working with children, older adults with cognitive impairment, prisoners, people who are from low socioeconomic backgrounds, or other populations who may fall into vulnerable categories.

    My second key takeaway concept is the ethical principles of beneficence and nonmaleficence. This concept taught me that researchers have an ethical obligation to reduce the risk of harm and maximize potential benefits. I learned that every study should be carefully scrutinized before participants are enrolled to ensure that potential benefits outweigh any physical, psychological, social, legal, and financial risks. Investigators also have a responsibility to continuously monitor participants for safety throughout the study and take precautions to reduce unnecessary harm if possible. The World Medical Association (20 24) reminds us in the Declaration of Helsinki that “the well-being of the research participant must take precedence over the interests of science and society” (paragraph 32). This statement stood out to me because we are learning more about artificial intelligence, genomic medicine, and large-scale EHR databases being used for research purposes.

    Another lesson I learned throughout this course was the ethical principle of justice. Justice focuses on fairness during participant selection and equal distribution of research benefits and burden. In the past, populations were targeted to participate in research because of their easy access through hospitals, low socioeconomic status, institutionalized against their will, or inability to refuse. The Belmont Report teaches us that researchers have an ethical responsibility not to choose populations that will bear the risks of research while another population receives most of the benefits (National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research, 1979). Fair recruitment of participants and access to research opportunities can help decrease health disparities and promote trust within the research community.

    Lastly, this course reminded me of the importance of institutional review boards (IRBs) and regulations that protect human subjects in research. Nurses should never conduct research without permission from an IRB. IRBs serve as a governing committee to review protocols before enrollment of research participants. Their duty is to ensure the research study follows ethical principles, federal regulations, and institutional policies. They assess the risks and benefits of research, informed consent documentation, confidentiality, and protection of vulnerable populations. Continuous monitoring of the research study can also help protect human subjects by identifying any unintended consequences or breach in protocol that should be reported to the IRB. Modifications and termination of studies can occur if there is increased risk to participants. These safeguards have helped build public trust in research.

    Why we still need ethical guidelines and review committees today was demonstrated throughout the course with historical documents. After World War II, many atrocities were exposed where humans were used in experiments without consent. The Nuremberg Code was created to protect human subjects involved in research by establishing voluntary informed consent as one of the requirements of research (Shuster, 20 22). Later, the World Medical Association created the Declaration of Helsinki to ensure physicians follow international ethical guidelines when performing medical research. This document is consistently being updated as medicine continues to advance. The Belmont Report embedded these ethical documents into set regulations that we follow today to protect human subjects.

    The concepts I learned throughout this class parallel the AACN Essentials (20 21). Ethical guidelines correlate with Essential 4: Scholarship for Nursing Practice by translating research into practice through scientific investigation and use of evidence-based resources to provide patient care. Essential 5 Quality and Safety states that DNP-prepared nurses are responsible for reducing harm to patients while improving the outcomes of care. Providing ethical patient care should reduce risks and follow professional standards of practice. Lastly, Essential 9: Professionalism emphasizes accountability, advocacy, and ethical guidelines when conducting research. Learning about human subject protection will help you be a DNPrepared nurse by incorporating ethics when protecting human subjects during research activities.

    In conclusion, I believe the ethical principles of research learned in this course will allow me to be a DNP leader that values human life. Ethics in research involved more than just following regulations and guidelines. There are many ethical principles that help protect human subjects including autonomy, informed consent, beneficence, justice, confidentiality, and continuous monitoring during every stage of research. We learned about historical events that should never happen again to the participants involved in the studies. As nurses move forward with research and innovating new ways to provide care my hope is that we never forget about our patients and continue to protect their rights and dignity by following ethical guidelines when serving our communities.

    References

    American Association of Colleges of Nursing. (20 21). The essentials: Core competencies for professional nursing education . https://www.aacnnursing.org/Essentials

    National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research. (1979). The Belmont Report: Ethical principles and guidelines for the protection of human subjects of research . U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. https://www.hhs.gov/ohrp/regulations-and-policy/belmont-report/index.html

    Shuster, E. (20 22). Fifty years later: The significance of the Nuremberg Code in contemporary human subjects research. The New England Journal of Medicine , 386 (7), 601–603.

    U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (20 24). Office for Human Research Protections (OHRP): Regulations and policy. https://www.hhs.gov/ohrp/index.html

    World Medical Association. (20 24). Declaration of Helsinki: Ethical principles for medical research involving human participants. https://www.wma.net/policies-post/wma-declaration-of-helsinki-ethical-principles-for-medical-research-involving-human-participants