Tag: Model Answer

  • [Solved] Research psych smoking study

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    – 2 years ago **files (1)** – ## psych350week1.docx **## psych350week1.docx** Read the hypothetical study and discuss any problems you find with the way in which the study was conducted, the author's conclusions, or the way in which the article was written. **Effect of Smoking on Management Performa…

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    – 2 years ago

    **files (1)**

    – ## psych350week1.docx

    **## psych350week1.docx**

    Read the hypothetical study and discuss any problems you find with the way in which the study was conducted, the author's conclusions, or the way in which the article was written.

    **Effect of Smoking on Management Performance**

    **Winston Butts Vantage University**

    In recent years, many organizations have implemented programs to encourage employees to stop smoking (Ash, 1971). This movement toward decreasing smoking in the workplace is an attempt to reduce health care costs as well as satisfy the rights of nonsmokers (Butts, 1975).

    However, research on the effects of these programs is mixed. Whereas some studies support the idea of financial savings (e.g., Stogie, 1970), others have shown no improvements in employee health or increases in organizational profits. Because of this lack of consistency, it is the purpose of the present study to determine if smoking might actually increase performance.

    Method

    **Participants**

        The participants in the study were 15 managers employed by a large manufacturer of munitions and blasting caps. Eight of the managers smoked at work, and seven of the managers were nonsmokers. Ten of the managers were women and five were men. The mean age of the managers was 36.3, with the youngest being 21 and the oldest 65.

    Procedure

        The experimenter spent 10 days at the organization observing the 15 managers. Each time a manager did something right, he was given a point. Each time a manager did something wrong, a point was deducted. At the end of the 10 days, a manager's performance was determined by his total number of points.

    Results and Discussion

         The managers' performance scores were correlated with their smoking status. The results of this analysis indicated a correlation coefficient of .20. Though the correlation coefficient was not statistically significant, it was in the predicted direction. In other words, managers who smoked performed better than those who did not. Thus, the results of this study indicate that smoking causes better managerial performance.

         One reason for this finding might be that smoking allows a manager to calm down when he is anxious, thus resulting in better performance (Puffer, 1971). Another reason might be that smoking is a sign of status and maturity (Burns, 1978) and good managers smoke to enhance their image. On the basis of the results of this study, organizations should either hire managers who smoke or get their nonsmoking managers to start smoking.

    **## psych350week1.docx**

    Read the hypothetical study and discuss any problems you find with the way in which the study was conducted, the author's conclusions, or the way in which the article was written.

    **Effect of Smoking on Management Performance**

    **Winston Butts Vantage University**

    In recent years, many organizations have implemented programs to encourage employees to stop smoking (Ash, 1971). This movement toward decreasing smoking in the workplace is an attempt to reduce health care costs as well as satisfy the rights of nonsmokers (Butts, 1975).

    However, research on the effects of these programs is mixed. Whereas some studies support the idea of financial savings (e.g., Stogie, 1970), others have shown no improvements in employee health or increases in organizational profits. Because of this lack of consistency, it is the purpose of the present study to determine if smoking might actually increase performance.

    Method

    **Participants**

        The participants in the study were 15 managers employed by a large manufacturer of munitions and blasting caps. Eight of the managers smoked at work, and seven of the managers were nonsmokers. Ten of the managers were women and five were men. The mean age of the managers was 36.3, with the youngest being 21 and the oldest 65.

    Procedure

        The experimenter spent 10 days at the organization observing the 15 managers. Each time a manager did something right, he was given a point. Each time a manager did something wrong, a point was deducted. At the end of the 10 days, a manager's performance was determined by his total number of points.

    Results and Discussion

         The managers' performance scores were correlated with their smoking status. The results of this analysis indicated a correlation coefficient of .20. Though the correlation coefficient was not statistically significant, it was in the predicted direction. In other words, managers who smoked performed better than those who did not. Thus, the results of this study indicate that smoking causes better managerial performance.

         One reason for this finding might be that smoking allows a manager to calm down when he is anxious, thus resulting in better performance (Puffer, 1971). Another reason might be that smoking is a sign of status and maturity (Burns, 1978) and good managers smoke to enhance their image. On the basis of the results of this study, organizations should either hire managers who smoke or get their nonsmoking managers to start smoking.

  • [Solved] discussion 3

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  • [Solved] Reading IDS 3336- Assignment #1

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    ## **Instructions** 1. Answer each separately in **a specific** manner by **making specific connections** **between this week's assigned readings/ videos and your reflection**. Please add in-text reference when necessary. ## **Reading Questions** 1. Why does Ken Robinson believe Art is less valued i…

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    ## **Instructions**

    1. Answer each separately in **a specific** manner by **making specific connections** **between this week's assigned readings/ videos and your reflection**. Please add in-text reference when necessary.

    ## **Reading Questions**

    1. Why does Ken Robinson believe Art is less valued in our education system than subjects like Math and Science? Do you agree? Why/Why not?

    2. Ken Robinson and Csiksentmihalyi talk about (in different ways) the role of the body and movement in facilitating creativity:

    a) What do they specifically say?

    b) Does bodily movement affect creativity in your experience?

    3. Csikszentmihalyi describes some forms of entertainment as keeping us from creativity (bottom of p 348).

    a) What is his argument? Do you agree?

    b) Can forms of entertainment also encourage creativity?

    c) What role does a person’s environment have on creativity?  Give examples.

    4. Based on the reading from Spivey, how are imagination, art, and creativity related?

    5. Csikszentmihalyi describes a relationship between creativity and the struggle against problems and obstacles:

    a) What does the author specifically say?

    b) Do you agree? Why/Why not?

    VIDEO REFERENCES:

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2NgB3qSKD_o

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eQWKpKbvc9M

    https://www.ted.com/talks/sir_ken_robinson_do_schools_kill_creativity

    READING ATTACHED

    – [\
    \
    Csikszentmihalyi_1996_-_Ch_14_-_Enhancing_Personal_Creativity-1-1.pdf](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/csikszentmihalyi-1996-ch-14-enhancing-personal-creativity-1-1-pdf-10160271 "Csikszentmihalyi_1996_-_Ch_14_-_Enhancing_Personal_Creativity-1-1.pdf")
    – [\
    \
    SpiveyNigelTheBirthOfTheImagination-1-1.pdf](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/spiveynigelthebirthoftheimagination-1-1-pdf-10160273 "SpiveyNigelTheBirthOfTheImagination-1-1.pdf")

    – 2 years ago

  • [Solved] madam michelle

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  • [Solved] Reading COM 4430- Weekly Assignment 1- CH. 1 & 2

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    Answer the following questions separately and use references from the text CH. 1 & 2 1. Find an example of a memo. You can find it online or from your own place of employment. Then analyze it. Does the memo use forms of intercultural communication or intercultural communication. If ​so, please give…

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    Assignment Prompt & Instructions

    Answer the following questions separately and use references from the text CH. 1 & 2

    1. Find an example of a memo. You can find it online or from your own place of employment. Then analyze it. Does the memo use forms of intercultural communication or intercultural communication. If ​so, please give an example.

    2. Are business cultures necessarily aligned to national​ cultures?

    3. What is cultural​ synergy?

    4. Compare and contrast the political system between China and United States.

    5. Define universal cultural systems and identify them.

    BOOK ATTACHED

    – 2 years ago

  • [Solved] Week 3

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  • [Solved] Psychology Mod. 2 Assignment

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    Can you please help with my assignment that is due today by 9:59pm CST? – 2 years ago

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    Can you please help with my assignment that is due today by 9:59pm CST?

    – 2 years ago

  • [Solved] dis #3

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    [>Management homework help](https://www.sweetstudy.com/fields/business-finance-management) a) What specific features or tools in Microsoft Word did you find most useful while completing this Skill Review assignment? How did they help you accomplish the tasks more efficiently? b) Reflect on the proce…

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    [>Management homework help](https://www.sweetstudy.com/fields/business-finance-management)

    a) What specific features or tools in Microsoft Word did you find most useful while completing this Skill Review assignment? How did they help you accomplish the tasks more efficiently?

    b) Reflect on the process of editing and proofreading the brochure text. How do you think the Editor pane and spell-check features in Word compare to manual proofreading? What are the advantages and potential limitations?

    c) How do you envision applying the skills learned in this Skill Review, such as text manipulation, formatting, and document statistics, in your future academic or professional projects?

    – 2 years ago

  • [Solved] Wellness

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    [>Criminal homework help](https://www.sweetstudy.com/fields/law-criminal) See the attached Doc APA Format and Turnitin Report – 2 years ago

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    [>Criminal homework help](https://www.sweetstudy.com/fields/law-criminal)

    See the attached Doc

    APA Format and Turnitin Report

    – 2 years ago

  • [Solved] Child Physiology

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    see attachment – 2 years ago **files (3)** – ## CPmodule3StagesofDevelopment.docx – ## PCclassPSYC221_M3_PP.pptx – CPmodule3clas2.docx **## CPmodule3StagesofDevelopment.docx** _Stages of Development_ After reading the module content, identify the different stages of human development, their growth…

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    see attachment

    – 2 years ago

    **files (3)**

    – ## CPmodule3StagesofDevelopment.docx

    – ## PCclassPSYC221_M3_PP.pptx

    – CPmodule3clas2.docx

    **## CPmodule3StagesofDevelopment.docx**

    _Stages of Development_

    After reading the module content, identify the different stages of human development, their growth rates, and defining characteristics.

    Remember to review the
    [academic expectations](https://agmu.instructure.com/courses/1876/pages/expectations-and-best-practices-for-discussions) for your submission.

    **Submission Instructions:**

    · Submit your initial discussion post by 11:59 PM Eastern on Wednesday.

    · Contribute a minimum of 250 words for your initial post. It should include at least 2 academic sources, formatted and cited in APA.

    · Respond to at least two of your classmates' discussion posts by 11:59 PM Eastern on Sunday. Ask a question, and provide a different viewpoint.

    **## PCclassPSYC221_M3_PP.pptx**

    Module 3

    Postnatal Development and Its Characteristics

    PSYC 221

    Child Psychology

    Covers the period from birth to death, distinguished by the following phases or periods:

    Breastfeeding

    Infancy

    Early Childhood

    Middle Childhood

    Puberty

    Adolescence

    Adulthood

    Old Age

    Postnatal Development

    Covers the period from birth to the first year.

    Breast milk is the best and only food a mother can offer her child immediately after birth. It contains everything the baby needs during the first six months of life, promoting growth, maturation, and health—not only due to its nutritional content but also its emotional contribution. The emotional bond established between mother and baby is a unique, singular, and intense experience that connects the father and the family.

    Breastfeeding

    This is the stage of the life cycle where the foundations for human cognitive, emotional, and social development are established.

    It covers the period from the start of the second year of life to the middle of the sixth year and can be divided into three subsections:

    The age of language acquisition: From one year to two years and six months.The first age of obstinacy: Climbing stairs independently (from two years and six months to three years and six months).The age of serious play: Running more evenly, washing, and drying hands independently (from three years and six months to five years and six months).

    Early Childhood

    This stage serves as the gateway to the world. Here, the child has completed a "transition," reaching a reality that makes them more active in their interactions with the world.

    They begin to be "protagonists" of their own destiny.

    Their contributions are essential, and indeed, adults begin to identify and seek to enhance their profiles.

    Middle Childhood

    Spanning from five years and six months to ten years in girls and 12 years in boys, it is divided into three periods:

    The age of the first configuration change: Five years and six months.

    Middle childhood: From six years and six months to nine years.

    Late childhood: From nine to ten years and six months in girls and from nine to 12 years in boys.

    Middle Childhood

    Cognitive Development: Children develop perception, memory, reasoning, etc.

    Emotional Development: Transitioning from a family environment where they are the center of affection to another environment where they are one among many. They learn and develop a sense of duty, respect for others' rights, self-esteem, and self-worth.

    Social Development: school expands social relationships, which significantly influence personality development.

    Middle Childhood

    Key Characteristics of This Stage:

    Learning not to externalize everything; interiority emerges.

    They are highly imitative, requiring good examples from their parents.

    Children become more objective, capable of seeing reality as it is.

    They develop firmer behavior regarding their emotional realities.

    Middle Childhood

    This is when the physical and sexual characteristics of a child mature and manifest due to hormonal changes.

    It begins approximately with the first menstruation in girls, averaging at 13 years, and the first ejaculation in boys, around 14 years. Other changes include:

    Girls: Breast and hip development.

    Boys: Muscle growth, increased physical strength, broader shoulders, voice changes, and facial hair.

    Puberty

    Cognitive Development: They distinguish between reality and imagination, enabling them to imagine possibilities.

    Emotional Development: Intense emotions and feelings, often disproportionate to their expression.

    Social Development: Increasing emancipation from parents. They seek independence while also desiring parental protection, often resulting in mutual misunderstandings.

    Sexual Development: A tendency toward separation between boys and girls. Strong curiosity about everything related to sexuality.

    Puberty

    This refers to the period between the onset of sexual maturation (puberty) and adulthood.

    It is a time of psychological maturation, during which individuals begin to behave "like adults."

    It occurs between the ages of 15 and 16 for girls and 16 and 17 for boys.

    Cognitive development

    Motivational development

    Emotional development

    Social development

    Sexual development

    Adolescence

    Maturity leads to the most complete development of an individual's holistic capacities. Each stage possesses its unique maturity.

    It spans from ages 25 to 60. During this period, the body reaches its final height, typically before age 30, and continues its development more slowly.

    This stage develops adult intelligence and experience (more intuition than stereotypes). However, its beginning and end depend on many personal and environmental factors.

    Maturity

    At this stage of life, the individual typically reaches the peak of their biological and psychological development.

    Their personality and character are relatively stable and assured, with all the individual differences that may occur in reality. Some adults exhibit a strong and confident personality, enabling effective behavior in their life endeavors; others possess a personality that is less stable or secure.

    Finally, there are those who suffer from a poor and deficient personality, leading to ineffective behaviors.

    Maturity

    Begins at age 60 or older. Biological decline is characterized by:

    A gradual reduction in sensory and motor abilities, as well as physical strength.

    Increasing circulatory difficulties due to arterial hardening.

    Progressive deterioration in the functioning of various internal organs.

    Old Age

    From a biological perspective, aging results from the accumulation of a wide variety of molecular and cellular damage over time, leading to a gradual decline in physical and mental capacities, an increased risk of disease, and eventually death.

    These changes are neither linear nor uniform, and their connection to a person’s chronological age is rather relative. While some septuagenarians enjoy excellent health and function perfectly, others are frail and require considerable assistance.

    Reference:

    -Decade of Healthy Aging 2020–2030, World Health Organization (WHO)

    Understanding Aging

    In addition to biological changes, aging is also associated with other life transitions, such as retirement, relocation to more suitable housing, and the loss of friends and partners.

    When developing a public health response to aging, it is essential to consider not only the factors that mitigate the losses associated with old age but also those that can strengthen recovery, adaptation, and psychosocial growth.

    Reference:

    -Decade of Healthy Aging 2020–2030, World Health Organization (WHO)

    Understanding Aging

    16

    Review as many times as required the information contained in the module folder (includes this presentation).

    Read the reference material to clarify any questions.

    Carry out all the activities according to the instructions.

    Submit assignments on the indicated date through the educational platform.

    Congratulations you have reviewed the theoretical summary of this week's topic!

    Actively participate in collaborative sessions.

    Remember that to successfully build your learning it is important that:

    ## image2.png

    ## image3.png

    ## image1.png

    ## image8.png

    ## image9.jpeg

    ## image10.jpeg

    ## image11.jpeg

    ## image12.jpeg

    ## image13.jpeg

    ## image14.jpeg

    ## image15.jpeg

    **CPmodule3clas2.docx**

    This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/cpmodule3clas2-docx)

    **CPmodule3clas2.docx**

    This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/cpmodule3clas2-docx)

    **## CPmodule3StagesofDevelopment.docx**

    _Stages of Development_

    After reading the module content, identify the different stages of human development, their growth rates, and defining characteristics.

    Remember to review the
    [academic expectations](https://agmu.instructure.com/courses/1876/pages/expectations-and-best-practices-for-discussions) for your submission.

    **Submission Instructions:**

    · Submit your initial discussion post by 11:59 PM Eastern on Wednesday.

    · Contribute a minimum of 250 words for your initial post. It should include at least 2 academic sources, formatted and cited in APA.

    · Respond to at least two of your classmates' discussion posts by 11:59 PM Eastern on Sunday. Ask a question, and provide a different viewpoint.

    **## PCclassPSYC221_M3_PP.pptx**

    Module 3

    Postnatal Development and Its Characteristics

    PSYC 221

    Child Psychology

    Covers the period from birth to death, distinguished by the following phases or periods:

    Breastfeeding

    Infancy

    Early Childhood

    Middle Childhood

    Puberty

    Adolescence

    Adulthood

    Old Age

    Postnatal Development

    Covers the period from birth to the first year.

    Breast milk is the best and only food a mother can offer her child immediately after birth. It contains everything the baby needs during the first six months of life, promoting growth, maturation, and health—not only due to its nutritional content but also its emotional contribution. The emotional bond established between mother and baby is a unique, singular, and intense experience that connects the father and the family.

    Breastfeeding

    This is the stage of the life cycle where the foundations for human cognitive, emotional, and social development are established.

    It covers the period from the start of the second year of life to the middle of the sixth year and can be divided into three subsections:

    The age of language acquisition: From one year to two years and six months.The first age of obstinacy: Climbing stairs independently (from two years and six months to three years and six months).The age of serious play: Running more evenly, washing, and drying hands independently (from three years and six months to five years and six months).

    Early Childhood

    This stage serves as the gateway to the world. Here, the child has completed a "transition," reaching a reality that makes them more active in their interactions with the world.

    They begin to be "protagonists" of their own destiny.

    Their contributions are essential, and indeed, adults begin to identify and seek to enhance their profiles.

    Middle Childhood

    Spanning from five years and six months to ten years in girls and 12 years in boys, it is divided into three periods:

    The age of the first configuration change: Five years and six months.

    Middle childhood: From six years and six months to nine years.

    Late childhood: From nine to ten years and six months in girls and from nine to 12 years in boys.

    Middle Childhood

    Cognitive Development: Children develop perception, memory, reasoning, etc.

    Emotional Development: Transitioning from a family environment where they are the center of affection to another environment where they are one among many. They learn and develop a sense of duty, respect for others' rights, self-esteem, and self-worth.

    Social Development: school expands social relationships, which significantly influence personality development.

    Middle Childhood

    Key Characteristics of This Stage:

    Learning not to externalize everything; interiority emerges.

    They are highly imitative, requiring good examples from their parents.

    Children become more objective, capable of seeing reality as it is.

    They develop firmer behavior regarding their emotional realities.

    Middle Childhood

    This is when the physical and sexual characteristics of a child mature and manifest due to hormonal changes.

    It begins approximately with the first menstruation in girls, averaging at 13 years, and the first ejaculation in boys, around 14 years. Other changes include:

    Girls: Breast and hip development.

    Boys: Muscle growth, increased physical strength, broader shoulders, voice changes, and facial hair.

    Puberty

    Cognitive Development: They distinguish between reality and imagination, enabling them to imagine possibilities.

    Emotional Development: Intense emotions and feelings, often disproportionate to their expression.

    Social Development: Increasing emancipation from parents. They seek independence while also desiring parental protection, often resulting in mutual misunderstandings.

    Sexual Development: A tendency toward separation between boys and girls. Strong curiosity about everything related to sexuality.

    Puberty

    This refers to the period between the onset of sexual maturation (puberty) and adulthood.

    It is a time of psychological maturation, during which individuals begin to behave "like adults."

    It occurs between the ages of 15 and 16 for girls and 16 and 17 for boys.

    Cognitive development

    Motivational development

    Emotional development

    Social development

    Sexual development

    Adolescence

    Maturity leads to the most complete development of an individual's holistic capacities. Each stage possesses its unique maturity.

    It spans from ages 25 to 60. During this period, the body reaches its final height, typically before age 30, and continues its development more slowly.

    This stage develops adult intelligence and experience (more intuition than stereotypes). However, its beginning and end depend on many personal and environmental factors.

    Maturity

    At this stage of life, the individual typically reaches the peak of their biological and psychological development.

    Their personality and character are relatively stable and assured, with all the individual differences that may occur in reality. Some adults exhibit a strong and confident personality, enabling effective behavior in their life endeavors; others possess a personality that is less stable or secure.

    Finally, there are those who suffer from a poor and deficient personality, leading to ineffective behaviors.

    Maturity

    Begins at age 60 or older. Biological decline is characterized by:

    A gradual reduction in sensory and motor abilities, as well as physical strength.

    Increasing circulatory difficulties due to arterial hardening.

    Progressive deterioration in the functioning of various internal organs.

    Old Age

    From a biological perspective, aging results from the accumulation of a wide variety of molecular and cellular damage over time, leading to a gradual decline in physical and mental capacities, an increased risk of disease, and eventually death.

    These changes are neither linear nor uniform, and their connection to a person’s chronological age is rather relative. While some septuagenarians enjoy excellent health and function perfectly, others are frail and require considerable assistance.

    Reference:

    -Decade of Healthy Aging 2020–2030, World Health Organization (WHO)

    Understanding Aging

    In addition to biological changes, aging is also associated with other life transitions, such as retirement, relocation to more suitable housing, and the loss of friends and partners.

    When developing a public health response to aging, it is essential to consider not only the factors that mitigate the losses associated with old age but also those that can strengthen recovery, adaptation, and psychosocial growth.

    Reference:

    -Decade of Healthy Aging 2020–2030, World Health Organization (WHO)

    Understanding Aging

    16

    Review as many times as required the information contained in the module folder (includes this presentation).

    Read the reference material to clarify any questions.

    Carry out all the activities according to the instructions.

    Submit assignments on the indicated date through the educational platform.

    Congratulations you have reviewed the theoretical summary of this week's topic!

    Actively participate in collaborative sessions.

    Remember that to successfully build your learning it is important that:

    ## image2.png

    ## image3.png

    ## image1.png

    ## image8.png

    ## image9.jpeg

    ## image10.jpeg

    ## image11.jpeg

    ## image12.jpeg

    ## image13.jpeg

    ## image14.jpeg

    ## image15.jpeg

    **CPmodule3clas2.docx**

    This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/cpmodule3clas2-docx)

    **## CPmodule3StagesofDevelopment.docx**

    _Stages of Development_

    After reading the module content, identify the different stages of human development, their growth rates, and defining characteristics.

    Remember to review the
    [academic expectations](https://agmu.instructure.com/courses/1876/pages/expectations-and-best-practices-for-discussions) for your submission.

    **Submission Instructions:**

    · Submit your initial discussion post by 11:59 PM Eastern on Wednesday.

    · Contribute a minimum of 250 words for your initial post. It should include at least 2 academic sources, formatted and cited in APA.

    · Respond to at least two of your classmates' discussion posts by 11:59 PM Eastern on Sunday. Ask a question, and provide a different viewpoint.

    **## PCclassPSYC221_M3_PP.pptx**

    Module 3

    Postnatal Development and Its Characteristics

    PSYC 221

    Child Psychology

    Covers the period from birth to death, distinguished by the following phases or periods:

    Breastfeeding

    Infancy

    Early Childhood

    Middle Childhood

    Puberty

    Adolescence

    Adulthood

    Old Age

    Postnatal Development

    Covers the period from birth to the first year.

    Breast milk is the best and only food a mother can offer her child immediately after birth. It contains everything the baby needs during the first six months of life, promoting growth, maturation, and health—not only due to its nutritional content but also its emotional contribution. The emotional bond established between mother and baby is a unique, singular, and intense experience that connects the father and the family.

    Breastfeeding

    This is the stage of the life cycle where the foundations for human cognitive, emotional, and social development are established.

    It covers the period from the start of the second year of life to the middle of the sixth year and can be divided into three subsections:

    The age of language acquisition: From one year to two years and six months.The first age of obstinacy: Climbing stairs independently (from two years and six months to three years and six months).The age of serious play: Running more evenly, washing, and drying hands independently (from three years and six months to five years and six months).

    Early Childhood

    This stage serves as the gateway to the world. Here, the child has completed a "transition," reaching a reality that makes them more active in their interactions with the world.

    They begin to be "protagonists" of their own destiny.

    Their contributions are essential, and indeed, adults begin to identify and seek to enhance their profiles.

    Middle Childhood

    Spanning from five years and six months to ten years in girls and 12 years in boys, it is divided into three periods:

    The age of the first configuration change: Five years and six months.

    Middle childhood: From six years and six months to nine years.

    Late childhood: From nine to ten years and six months in girls and from nine to 12 years in boys.

    Middle Childhood

    Cognitive Development: Children develop perception, memory, reasoning, etc.

    Emotional Development: Transitioning from a family environment where they are the center of affection to another environment where they are one among many. They learn and develop a sense of duty, respect for others' rights, self-esteem, and self-worth.

    Social Development: school expands social relationships, which significantly influence personality development.

    Middle Childhood

    Key Characteristics of This Stage:

    Learning not to externalize everything; interiority emerges.

    They are highly imitative, requiring good examples from their parents.

    Children become more objective, capable of seeing reality as it is.

    They develop firmer behavior regarding their emotional realities.

    Middle Childhood

    This is when the physical and sexual characteristics of a child mature and manifest due to hormonal changes.

    It begins approximately with the first menstruation in girls, averaging at 13 years, and the first ejaculation in boys, around 14 years. Other changes include:

    Girls: Breast and hip development.

    Boys: Muscle growth, increased physical strength, broader shoulders, voice changes, and facial hair.

    Puberty

    Cognitive Development: They distinguish between reality and imagination, enabling them to imagine possibilities.

    Emotional Development: Intense emotions and feelings, often disproportionate to their expression.

    Social Development: Increasing emancipation from parents. They seek independence while also desiring parental protection, often resulting in mutual misunderstandings.

    Sexual Development: A tendency toward separation between boys and girls. Strong curiosity about everything related to sexuality.

    Puberty

    This refers to the period between the onset of sexual maturation (puberty) and adulthood.

    It is a time of psychological maturation, during which individuals begin to behave "like adults."

    It occurs between the ages of 15 and 16 for girls and 16 and 17 for boys.

    Cognitive development

    Motivational development

    Emotional development

    Social development

    Sexual development

    Adolescence

    Maturity leads to the most complete development of an individual's holistic capacities. Each stage possesses its unique maturity.

    It spans from ages 25 to 60. During this period, the body reaches its final height, typically before age 30, and continues its development more slowly.

    This stage develops adult intelligence and experience (more intuition than stereotypes). However, its beginning and end depend on many personal and environmental factors.

    Maturity

    At this stage of life, the individual typically reaches the peak of their biological and psychological development.

    Their personality and character are relatively stable and assured, with all the individual differences that may occur in reality. Some adults exhibit a strong and confident personality, enabling effective behavior in their life endeavors; others possess a personality that is less stable or secure.

    Finally, there are those who suffer from a poor and deficient personality, leading to ineffective behaviors.

    Maturity

    Begins at age 60 or older. Biological decline is characterized by:

    A gradual reduction in sensory and motor abilities, as well as physical strength.

    Increasing circulatory difficulties due to arterial hardening.

    Progressive deterioration in the functioning of various internal organs.

    Old Age

    From a biological perspective, aging results from the accumulation of a wide variety of molecular and cellular damage over time, leading to a gradual decline in physical and mental capacities, an increased risk of disease, and eventually death.

    These changes are neither linear nor uniform, and their connection to a person’s chronological age is rather relative. While some septuagenarians enjoy excellent health and function perfectly, others are frail and require considerable assistance.

    Reference:

    -Decade of Healthy Aging 2020–2030, World Health Organization (WHO)

    Understanding Aging

    In addition to biological changes, aging is also associated with other life transitions, such as retirement, relocation to more suitable housing, and the loss of friends and partners.

    When developing a public health response to aging, it is essential to consider not only the factors that mitigate the losses associated with old age but also those that can strengthen recovery, adaptation, and psychosocial growth.

    Reference:

    -Decade of Healthy Aging 2020–2030, World Health Organization (WHO)

    Understanding Aging

    16

    Review as many times as required the information contained in the module folder (includes this presentation).

    Read the reference material to clarify any questions.

    Carry out all the activities according to the instructions.

    Submit assignments on the indicated date through the educational platform.

    Congratulations you have reviewed the theoretical summary of this week's topic!

    Actively participate in collaborative sessions.

    Remember that to successfully build your learning it is important that:

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